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Wen | Zero One

With the announcement of China Ping-Pong Jedi Counter-Strike on New Year’s Day and the announcement of King of the Sky on May 1st in 2023, the lineup of this year’s Spring Festival file has been basically determined as the following seven films: Wandering Earth 2, Unknown, Manjianghong, Deep Sea, Exchange of Life, China Ping-Pong Jedi Counter-Strike, Bears Come and Stay with Me, Bear Heart.

The number of seven blockbusters is basically the standard for the Spring Festival in recent years. In 2021, the seven Spring Festival movies were Detective Chinatown 3, Hi, Mom, A Writer’s Odyssey, The Order to Serve the Gods, Crowd Surging, New Gods: Nezha Reborn and Boonie Bears:The Wild Life; There are 8 movies for the Spring Festival in 2022: Watergate Bridge of Changjin Lake, This Killer is Not Too Cold, Miracle Stupid Child, Bears Coming Back to Earth, Four Seas, Sniper, Pleasant Goat and Big Big Big Big Wolf Out of the Future, Little Tiger Pier Hero, but Little Tiger Pier Hero only won 10 million box office.

Before the official arrival of the Spring Festival file, what content features can be seen in the film lineup of the Spring Festival file in 2023? Who is the main force that people expect, and who has the possibility of becoming a dark horse?

Judging from the box office expectation, all previous Spring Festival files can basically be divided into two types of "players":

One is the type with higher box office lower limit. Movies with high popularity in the early stage or clear selling points are mainly composed of "seed players" in the schedule or the dominant themes of Spring Festival files such as comedy and youth animation, and the pre-sale situation is good. The former is Detective Chinatown 3’s Watergate Bridge of Changjin Lake, while the latter is represented by the series This Killer is Not Too Cold and Quiet and Bears Appear.

The second is the type with high uncertainty. "Dark horse or accompanying running" is possible. Before the official release, it is difficult for both the audience and the market to predict its final box office trend. Even if there are stars or IP guarantees, it is difficult to be a guarantee in the ever-changing Spring Festival market. Winners are like The Wandering Earth in those days, and losers in the market are like "Order to Serve the Gods" and "Four Seas".

Among the seven films scheduled for 2023, the main "stability factors" in the market are Wandering Earth 2, Exchange of Life, Bears Come and Go with Me and Bear Heart.

Judging from the popularity before the screening, there are many industry forecasts that have already booked the champion of the Spring Festival for Wandering Earth 2. Compared with the first film, Wandering Earth 2 obviously has more abundant funds and more appealing IP. In addition to Jason Wu’s continued return, Andy Lau, Li Xuejian, Ning Li and other powerful factions joined in the cast; Judging from the trailer, the plot of the second part will have hardcore sci-fi thoughts, human nature speculation and special effects scenes at the same time. It is worth looking forward to how director Frant Gwo and producer Liu Cixin will continue to explore the depth and Chinese expression of sci-fi stories.

When it was released in The Wandering Earth in 2019, the audience and the market didn’t have high expectations for domestic sci-fi, with only 11.4% of its first-day screening, ranking fourth at the box office in a single day, and only after the first wave of word-of-mouth was released did it become the biggest dark horse of the year. Just when the audience thought that The Wandering Earth would be the clarion call for the rise of domestic sci-fi blockbusters, the same year’s Shanghai Fortress directly buried domestic sci-fi. In 2022, the sci-fi theme "Tomorrow’s Battle" and "Mozart in Outer Space" performed in general, while the selling point elements of Moon Man with higher box office focused on Shen Teng and comedy types.

It is precisely because the development of domestic hard science fiction genre is basically at a standstill in the next few years in The Wandering Earth, so the market expectation of Wandering Earth 2, which was the first to announce the Spring Festival in 2023, has been further raised. On Cat’s Eye and Taobao Film, Wandering Earth 2 ranks first in the Spring Festival.

Exchange of Life is the only film featuring comedy in this Spring Festival. The comedy genre has always been the "just need" of the Spring Festival file, and it is also the easiest field to "be small and broad". I don’t need to go into details about Hi, Mom’s historical dark horse counterattack. The killer is not too cold and quiet, but it steadily won 2.5 billion+box office with a general cast and a low reputation. In fact, it highlights the audience’s hard-core demand for comedy. As long as it can make people laugh, comedy has great potential in the Spring Festival market.

Judging from the trailer of "Exchange of Life", it is basically a comedy effect with fantasy elements guiding the wrong position, which is actually a major stream of comedy type creation in recent years. The female director Su Lun’s last film "Living Together in Time and Space" won about 900 million yuan at the box office at a small and medium cost. As long as the plot of "Exchange of Life" is above the passing line, I believe this film will achieve good box office results in the Spring Festival of 2023 as a "comedy".

There is no need to analyze the stability elements of "Bears Come with Me". In recent years, the series "Bears haunt" has never missed the Spring Festival stalls, and has steadily taken away more than 500 million box office every year. In 2022, "Bears haunt and return to the earth" is close to 1 billion. This series has succeeded in the continuous creation of IP, and from the perspective of Bears Coming Back to Earth, its production level is becoming more and more refined with the improvement of investment level, which is likely to broaden the audience from the children’s market.

On the other side of the stability of the market, naturally, there are those movies that are more likely to have "upper and lower limits" at the box office. At present, Man Jiang Hong, Unknown, China Ping-Pong’s Jedi Strike Back and Deep Sea can all be classified into this part. The popularity before screening is high and low, and each has its own unique market selling point. However, none of them has the stable "market main force" expectations like this year’s Wandering Earth 2, last year’s Watergate Bridge and Detective Chinatown 3 the year before last.

Directed by Cheng Er and starring Tony Leung Chiu Wai and YiBo, The Unknown should be the movie with the highest box office uncertainty in this year’s Spring Festival. As the main theme film produced by Bona Film, the theme of Shanghai spy war and Tony Leung Chiu Wai attracted a group of audiences, and as the first new film produced by director Cheng Er after "The Romance of Death" in 2016, it attracted another group of audiences. The fan effect brought by starring YiBo constituted a new basic disc-in short, it seems that there are different opinions, but the specific communication effect is still unknown.

Director Cheng Er’s last commercial film "The Romance of Death" failed to reach the expected box office. Thanks to a group of movie stars such as Ge You, Zhang Ziyi and Tadanobu Asano, it only earned 122 million box office, which made Huayi Brothers suffer a major defeat that year. The Douban score of Romantic Death is still 7.7. It is a film that is highly praised by fans, but it is obviously dragged down by the impression of "art film" in its dissemination, which has affected the box office performance. Therefore, in the trailer of "Nobody", the film side directly typed the Chinese characters of "super commercial film", which is a bit of a trick, and may also include the idea of reversing public expectations.

But in the end, what kind of Cheng Er’s works will the audience see, whether it will be closer to the market public or personalized artistic expression, and it is difficult to draw effective conclusions only from the current material information.

The box office expectation of "Man Jiang Hong" is also quite different in the market. On the one hand, the main creative lineup assembled by this film is one of the best in this Spring Festival file: director Zhang Yimou has returned to the theme of historical costume, starring Shen Teng, Jackson Yee, Zhang Yi and Lei Jiayin, almost all of whom have made outstanding box office achievements in the past, and Shen Teng, Zhang Yi and Jackson Yee are among the top ten cumulative box office of Chinese actors. At present, the number of people who want to see this film ranks second in Cat’s Eye and third in Taobao Film, and the popularity before screening is still relatively high.

But on the other hand, everything is full of variables about whether this suspense story about Yue Fei’s costume, which tells four years after his death, fits with the Spring Festival file, how high the public’s acceptance is, what role Jackson Yee, who is murderous, and Shen Teng, who has his own comedy atmosphere, plays.

After Shadow in 2018, director Zhang Yimou’s film style has gradually changed from paying attention to the heavy expression of visual color and sense of ceremony in the past to being plain. One Second’s Above the Cliff and Sniper are all slowly telling stories instead of grabbing people with "scenes", but what new exploration China will make in film art in Manjianghong is worthy of the attention of fans.

At present, Deng Chao and Yu Baimei’s "China Ping-Pong Fight Back" has the lowest popularity before screening in the Spring Festival of 2023, while Cat’s Eye and Taobao Film are at the bottom. Previously, the narrative of domestic sports themes represented by Leap was lacking, and almost all of them were modeled narrative and characterization, so it was difficult to gain obvious advantages in the cinema market, especially in the highly competitive Spring Festival file; But on the other hand, telling the reversal story of table tennis in China in the 1990s, The Jedi Strike Back of China Table Tennis actually has a certain "popularization" function. Many ordinary audiences think that China table tennis has always been ahead of the world in cognition, and this film may be able to do propaganda articles in this respect.

The animated film Deep Sea was very popular in the previous summer file, and this kind of all-age animation type may also be more suitable for the summer file. As a work that Tian Xiaopeng, the director of The Return of the Great Sage, will shoot all his life, Deep Sea has declared its "visual wonders" highly shocking since the release of the first trailer, with its unique picture style of ink particles and magnificent and colorful fantasy marine world texture. The animation’s outstanding performance in the visual mountain can already be guaranteed, but how it performs as an original script can only be verified after it is officially released.

However, in terms of market share, in the past few years, from the Spring Festival to the summer in Legend of Deification, the box office of Rebirth of Nezha, a light-chasing animation, was tepid, and only the box office of Bears has been rising every year. No full-age animation has achieved more than 1 billion box office results in the Spring Festival. "Deep Sea" will stand out from the box office in the Spring Festival, and I’m afraid it needs to reach the level of surprise like that in The Wandering Earth.

Conclusion:

In 2022, the operating rate of cinemas once fell to the bottom, and returned to the peak of 90%+ in the New Year’s Day schedule with the change of epidemic policy, and the movie-watching traffic recovered obviously in the past month. The Hollywood blockbuster Avatar 2 played a preheating role in this "recovery period".

In this year, the cinemas that Emperor UA couldn’t hold back have been eliminated, and the surviving cinemas certainly hope that the next Spring Festival file will be as hot as possible. Therefore, on the road to the recovery of the cinema film market, the Spring Festival file in 2023 is the first "hard battle".

The menu is ready. Will you pay for the China film this Spring Festival?

* Original article, please indicate the source when reprinting.

When love disappears, how to say goodbye?

Text | Zhang jiaqi

Edit | Zhao Ordinary

Goodbye lover will have a big finale this Wednesday.

This is a "divorce variety show". The program group invited three groups of guests in different divorce States: Guo Keyu and Zhang He have been divorced for one year; KK and Tong Chenjie are facing the "seven-year itch" and are considering whether to divorce; Wang Qiuyu and Zhu Yaqiong have just entered the cooling-off period of divorce. They wrote the final answer to their marriage through an 18-day trip.

To some extent, this variety show has certain practical value. Guo Keyu asked in the program, "What if there is no love? Can you say goodbye with love? " Perhaps, compared with how to find love, how to deal with "post-intimacy" after love disappears is also an important topic for contemporary young people.

In fairy tales, the prince and princess go through thousands of difficulties, and the ending is always "live a happy life". However, real life is full of difficulties. When the pink filter was removed, Goodbye Lover wrote a sequel to the fairy tale, which was not perfect but true enough.

A sequel to a fairy tale

On January 1, 2021, the cooling-off period of divorce was officially implemented. Like all couples who want a divorce, Zhu Yaqiong and Lao Wang need to think hard for 30 days, and if they don’t change their minds, they can get a divorce certificate.

The difference is that their divorce cooling-off period was spent on a trip. As a pair of guests in Goodbye Lovers, together with two other couples, they started an 18-day long-distance trip in Xinjiang and confirmed their minds in the process.

This is a reality show variety around the topic of "divorce". According to the statistics at the end of 2020, the national average divorce rate is as high as 39.33%, and about four out of every ten married couples choose to divorce, with Jilin Province having the highest divorce rate of over 70%. And this data has been on the rise for 16 consecutive years.

Even in the case that divorce is so common, Goodbye Lover still takes some risks by choosing "divorce" as the incision in the marriage relationship. Ni Ping, a flying guest, also mentioned that it is not easy to show his marital status in front of a national audience. In this program, conflicts and collapses are frequent scenes, and even when recorded by the camera, it is difficult for the guests to control their emotions.

Wu Mengzhi, the chief producer, once mentioned that the most important part of the reality show is "selecting people". As long as the right guests are selected, the program will be 80% successful. In Goodbye to Lovers, three couples are in different stages of marriage, which also covers the problems existing in marriage relations in real life to a great extent.

As can be seen from the public opinion field, people’s attitudes towards marriage have changed dramatically over the years. This change is also reflected in the program. "Living together" is no longer the first priority of marriage. Compared with it, contemporary young men and women pay more attention to spiritual harmony and emotional resonance.

Therefore, how to manage a marriage well has become a more difficult proposition than before. Trivial matters are still obstacles to be overcome. In addition, intimacy has added more dimensions.

For Lao Wang and Zhu Yaqiong, the biggest enemy of intimacy is "way of thinking". When they got married, they didn’t hold a wedding or take wedding photos, which became a thorn in Zhu Yaqiong’s heart.

Zhu Yaqiong longs for romance and freedom, and pays attention to the sense of ceremony, while Lao Wang is a "pragmatic school". This collision in thinking is reflected in all aspects of life. In the program, Zhu Yaqiong mentioned a story many times: Lao Wang even counted down the hug between them.

The reason for Zhang He and Guo Keyu’s divorce is that they can’t walk into each other’s world. They belong to "flash marriage", and the decision to get married is rather hasty. After having children, they also lack time to cultivate their feelings, so there is a serious shortage of communication.

Do you have love after all? This is a problem that has always existed in this relationship. Contradictory personality and habits of work and rest make this couple, who have been married for ten years, become "the most familiar strangers". However, this is also the reason why this group of guests are most optimistic about remarriage: it seems that this 18-day trip turned out to be a few days when two people have known each other for so long.

In a link in the latter part of the program, the guests wrote the most impressive words of each other on the note and shared the story at that time. Most of these stories appear in the early days of love or marriage, belonging to young men and women who have just stepped into love. Wang Qiuyu will send a romantic short message "I’ll go while you’re here", and Guo Keyu is thinking about the flight time of Zhang He’s return trip.

The beginning of love is always written in great detail. There are sweet stories of love at first sight to provide fantasy, and there are also hundreds of love rules for reference. What "Goodbye Lover" presents is the "chicken feather in one place" staged after the end of the fairy tale.

Lian hun zong yi AB noodles

No amount of sweet filters can hide the fact that marriage is on the verge of breaking up.

When KK and Tong Chenjie first appeared, they looked very loving. Even Guo Keyu teased them and came to participate in "The Romantic Travel of Wife". However, with the development of the program, the problems in the marriage relationship between KK and Tong Chenjie gradually exposed, and the audience suddenly found that these problems hidden under the iceberg seemed to be more serious.

This is the difference between Goodbye Lover and other marriage and love variety shows: when feelings are peeled off, each paragraph has its own bitter taste.

Love variety shows entered the era of 2.0 in China, starting with "Signal of Heartbeat". In March 2018, the Korean love variety "Heart Signal2" premiered. Although this program has been broadcast in the first season in 2017, it was not until the dog blood "love triangle" appeared in the second season that it caused a wider discussion in China, and it also made the "real world dog blood drama" become the key frame of love variety.

In the same year, Tencent Video purchased the copyright and launched the first season of Heartbeat Signal. In the form of the program, the Korean version was almost completely reproduced. They are all in love, superimposed with "reasoning" elements, and guessing the relationship between amateur guests has become a major attraction of this kind of variety show. Since then, Iqiyi, Youku and Mango TV have also successively launched programs such as Love You Me, Let’s Love, Dream Space and so on.

Although the forms are different, most of the love variety shows in the 2.0 era follow a similar "template", that is, strange men and women are "put" into the same field, and they can fall in love at will within a limited time.

This is the A side of the variety show of marriage and love, which provides people with the satisfaction of emotional needs. Taking CP has become the first meaning of this kind of program, and watching "Xiuluo Field" and love line reasoning has also increased the effect of the program.

Goodbye Lover is the B side of the variety show of marriage and love: here, the beautiful feelings are either suddenly revealed, or the stories presented have become a thing of the past, based on more real life.

A marriage can hardly exist independently between husband and wife. The simple "1V1 link" obviously only exists in the early stage of the establishment of intimate relationship. In the marriage relationship, there are more and more complicated issues to consider. This is the first truth shown in Goodbye Lover.

Dong Chenyu, a lecturer at Renmin University of China, mentioned in an interview with the media that Chinese should not only consider the relationship between the two parties in love, but also the relationship between the two families behind them. This is a marriage and love model with East Asian cultural characteristics. Therefore, compared with other love variety shows that focus on the early stage of love, there are many ties between the two in Goodbye Lover, which may be parents and children, economic status and social status, and even friends, colleagues and predecessors.

Take KK and Tong Chenjie as an example. The core contradiction between them is whether they should have a child. KK insisted that Tong Chenjie should have children, and the deeper reason was that he always lacked security in this relationship. In the program, he repeatedly mentioned that he was not from Shanghai, but moved to Shanghai for the sake of Tong Chenjie. He had no sense of belonging in Shanghai, and his economic situation and career development were not as good as that of his wife. All kinds of problems led to the pressure in his marriage relationship.

Besides, the influence of family of origin is also reflected in this program. Lao Wang mentioned in the program that he received a "genius education" since childhood, and his father was extremely strict with him, giving priority to criticism and lacking emotional communication, and he also used this model in getting along with Zhu Yaqiong. Huang Zhizhong hit the nail on the head and pointed out Lao Wang’s problem: "Wang Qiuyu is not a question of loving his wife, but he may not love himself."

The third truth lies in "conflict". In the "A-side" love variety, the conflict is necessary but unpredictable, and even "human intervention" is needed in the link setting. For example, the mini date link and the rule of "two-day and one-night group outing" newly introduced in Heartbeat Signal 4 are all aimed at enhancing the sense of conflict and adding uncertainties to the emotional line, thus improving the possibility of the emergence of "Xiuluo Field".

In Goodbye Lover, conflicts can happen anytime and anywhere. KK and Tong Chenjie quarreled repeatedly at the dinner table because of drinking. Even Yang Di, the "king of variety" who can be skilled in all kinds of variety shows, was at a loss when the war suddenly escalated.

After the pink filter faded, when the more real intimate relationship was presented naked to the audience, Goodbye Lover actually took a small step forward in the field of marriage and love variety.

"Heterogeneous"

Zhang He and Guo Keyu are the most vocal couples for "remarriage". Searching for their CP clips in bilibili has more than 50 pages. Some people joked on the barrage that everyone was "looking for candy in the glass."

This reflects a certain demand of contemporary young people: contemporary young people like to watch others fall in love more and more.

The drama series with the theme of love has changed from "romance" to "sweet pet", and "parents are short" has been eliminated, and the love-hate entanglement between the male and female protagonists has become the main plot, implying that all the surrounding plots unrelated to love have been stripped; "Ke CP" has become a hot trend, and the actors who play CP in the play need to continuously extend their business period to meet the imagination of fans. After the end of the drama, CP powder is also looking for the "evidence of love" between the two in real life.

Under such a trend, variety shows have also become the carrier of "watching love". Even in the talk show variety show, there are popular CPS such as "Snow Country Train" and "Mianli", which make countless people take the lead. Therefore, even in the marriage and love variety show "Goodbye Lover", which has already written the ending and completely stripped the filter, there are also audiences who are addicted to CP.

In the era of marriage and love variety 2.0 with making sweetness as the mainstream, Goodbye Lover is an alien. This is one of the reasons why it can’t move from the circle to the national explosion. Although the score of the program in Douban is as high as 8.7, the number of raters is less than 20,000, which is lower than the series of Heartbeat Signals.

Another reason may be that when intimate relationships become complicated, it is difficult for the public opinion environment at this stage to provide sufficient discussion space.

In the process of exposing the problems among the three pairs of guests one by one, the man’s problems are more obvious, for example, Lao Wang overlooks Zhu Yaqiong’s emotional needs, while KK is male chauvinist and alcoholic, so the male guests are quickly labeled as "love rat". Since then, whenever the woman makes some "weakness" actions, she will be evaluated as "one willing to fight and one willing to suffer".

Tong Chenjie was regarded by the teacher in the observation room as the person with the highest "love for business". After the fierce conflict between them, Tong Chenjie would take the initiative to resolve the conflict every time. But for some viewers, this "initiative" does not have any positive effect, because KK is obviously "hopeless".

However, these violent conflicts are actually only slices of married life, and marriage is a far more complicated proposition than imagined. Shi Xiuxiong, a psychological counselor, pointed out, "Now people are too arbitrary and judgmental when talking about marriage and love. No intimate relationship can be arbitrarily summarized by a few simple labels. "

Although it can’t be an "explosion", there is no doubt that "Goodbye Lover" has added a new perspective to the current variety show of marriage and love. Even the guests themselves were not sure at first what kind of program they were participating in. KK didn’t even notice the problems in their marriage, but Tong Chenjie decided to sign up. Zhang He also asked the program group before the show: Do you want to fix us up again?

"second time around" is a common bridge in romance novels. In Goodbye Lover, besides expecting the ending, it is more from observing others to observing oneself. Shi Xiuxiong mentioned that this program exposed the unharmonious part of the marriage relationship to the public’s field of vision, which was constructive for the audience, helped more people to know that their problems were not isolated cases, reduced the sense of shame and learned to accept themselves.

In addition, not all divorced couples are "old and dead", especially in the case of a long marriage, property can be divided, but it is difficult to completely separate each other’s social circles, family members and even children. Therefore, when the marriage relationship comes to an end, it is necessary to start a new relationship.

Lao Wang and Zhu Yaqiong have known each other for more than twenty years, and they have become an inseparable part of each other’s lives. After the divorce, they may be able to reopen a "friend relationship". For Zhang He and Guo Keyu, how to start a new relationship is more important than whether to decide to remarry. Many viewers mentioned, "They don’t need to remarry. They can start from falling in love and go through the normal process."

For a generation that is lonely and afraid of intimacy, the sweet love in marriage variety shows is to satisfy the fantasy of "fairy tales", while Goodbye Lover is more like a fairy tale for adults, which provides a reverse value-"Seeing the complexity of a broken marriage will make you have a correct expectation for marriage."

The Dilemma of Love Variety: Truth or Conflict?

"Goodbye" draft, the new comprehensive "cut through the thorns"

From the 13th to 15th day of the first month of 2023, the Dunhuang Municipal Bureau of Culture, Sports, Radio, Television and Tourism, the Dunhuang Cultural Center and the Dunhuang Ancient City Scenic Area jointly presented the large-scale Dunhuang folk intangible cultural heritage performance "Dunhuang Iron Flower" to the general public, which was the first time that the second Dunhuang Ancient City Light Show joined the performance of intangible cultural heritage.

Tie Hua is a large-scale traditional folk fireworks, and it is a folk cultural performance skill discovered by China ancient craftsmen in the process of casting utensils. It started in the Northern Song Dynasty, flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and has a history of more than a thousand years. "Tie Tie Hua" originated from the sacrificial activities of craftsmen. According to legend, at the beginning of each year, before the opening of the five craftsmen, the first craftsmen will set up a flower shed through consultation, and set up a god shed in the north of the flower shed, facing the south, and choose an auspicious day to offer various sacrifices in laojunmiao and the Temple of Fire in the county. After that, all the people in the shops and shop names of the five craftsmen carried the statue of the old gentleman enshrined in our shop and marched in line, blowing and beating and setting off firecrackers all the way to the shed. All craftsmen’s shops along the way should set up incense table offerings to welcome them. After the team arrived at the shed, they put the statue of the old gentleman in the shed and held a sacrificial ceremony, asking the old gentleman and Vulcan to bless peace throughout the year, prosperous business and wealth in all seasons. Start playing flowers at night. Most of the people who take part in the flower-playing are craftsmen in various stores. Before the flower-playing, they should bow down and change clothes in the shed, asking the gods to protect their safety and avoid burns.

The event of Dunhuang Ancient City was held for three days, and the cumulative number of visitors reached more than 3,000, which added some flavor to Dunhuang people after the Spring Festival holiday. The artists who participated in this performance mentioned in the interview that as an intangible cultural heritage in China, Tiehua has a long history of skills, magnificent performances and grand scenes. Usually, more than a dozen flower-beaters are needed to stick one after another, one by one, between the furnace and the flower shed. One stick of iron flower soars into the sky, and another stick comes one after another. The sticks are connected in an endless stream. The iron flower splashes, meteors are like waterfalls, firecrackers are ringing in unison, and the sound shakes the sky. "We also hope that through such performances, the general public can see, understand and participate in the intangible cultural heritage, and at the same time express the good wishes of’ striking while the iron is hot, the grain will be abundant, and it will be auspicious for the country and the people.’"

Lanzhou Daily All-Media Reporter Fei Yongzhen Wang Xuan Bao Xuefeng Wen/Poster/Video

Shi Yuhan, editor of the first instance

Liu Yuwei, Duty Officer of the Second Trial

Wang Wenxue, Editor-in-Chief of the Third Trial.

The operating comments of the Board of Directors of Nanxin Technology in 2023 are as follows:

　　I. Discussion and analysis of business conditions

　　In 2023, influenced by macro factors such as weak terminal market and slow economic development, the global and even domestic semiconductor market is under great pressure. According to the data of the World Semiconductor Trade Statistics Organization (WSTS), the global semiconductor market scale is expected to decrease by 9.4% to 520.1 billion US dollars compared with the same period of last year. With the advantages of technological innovation, product research and development and customer barriers, the company enriched product categories and improved product layout, and achieved steady growth in performance during the reporting period.

　　During the reporting period, the company achieved an operating income of 1,780,402,300 yuan, an increase of 36.87% compared with last year; The net profit attributable to shareholders of listed companies was 261,357,500 yuan, an increase of 6.15% over the same period of last year; The gross profit margin of the main business was 42.30%, a decrease of 0.74 percentage points compared with the same period of last year.

　　At the end of the reporting period, the company’s total assets were 4,461,859,900 yuan, an increase of 93.63% over the end of the previous year; The net assets attributable to shareholders of listed companies were 3,699,036,800 yuan, an increase of 244.34% over the end of last year. In line with the profit distribution conditions, the company actively promotes the profit distribution to shareholders. In 2023, based on the total share capital of 423,530,000 shares, the company plans to distribute a cash dividend of 118,588 2.8 yuan (including tax) for every 10 shares, accounting for 45.37% of the net profit attributable to shareholders of listed companies in 2023.

　　(a) the overall operating condition is stable, and the performance in a single quarter continues to improve.

　　In the case of the overall market downturn, the company has continuously broadened its product layout around application scenarios and continuously introduced products with market competitiveness, and its performance has continued to improve. The company’s operating income in each quarter in 2023 was 285,668,200 yuan, 374,791,500 yuan, 545,396,400 yuan and 574,546,200 yuan respectively, and the annual performance maintained an overall upward trend. In 2023, the gross profit margin of the company’s main business was 42.30%, a decrease of 0.74 percentage points compared with 2022, and its profitability remained stable.

　　(B) Insist on increasing R&D investment and increasing the achievements of R&D teams.

　　During the reporting period, the company invested 292,517,100 yuan in R&D, an increase of 57.02% over the same period of last year; By the end of the reporting period, the number of R&D personnel in the company had increased to 378, an increase of 32.17% over the same period of last year, and the number of R&D personnel accounted for 65.40% of the company.

　　In 2023, the company obtained 29 new authorized invention patents, and accumulated 89 patents, all of which were invention patents. The company has added seven core technologies, all of which are independently developed, namely, lithium battery monitoring technology, zero-voltage switching charge pump control technology, low-voltage self-starting technology, secondary control fully integrated soft-switching Fyback technology, SmartHighSideDriver technology, automotive smart fuse technology and automotive antenna LDO technology, and all of the above technologies have been applied to the company’s products.

　　(3) Enrich product models and actively expand emerging application fields.

　　As one of the leading analog and embedded chip design companies in China, the company continuously improves product layout around application scenarios to provide customers with better end-to-end complete solutions. While deeply cultivating the original advantageous fields such as smart phones, the company is also actively expanding into the fields of automotive electronics and industrial applications.

　　1. Key investment in automotive electronics business, and significant progress has been made.

　　According to the data of China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, in 2023, China’s automobile production and sales reached 30.161 million and 30.094 million respectively, up by 11.6% and 12% respectively, and the annual production and sales both reached record highs. Benefiting from the growth of the automotive electronics market and several new automotive products, during the reporting period, the company achieved an operating income of 30,641,000 yuan in the field of automotive electronics applications, an increase of 89.02% over the same period of last year, and the products were introduced to many well-known head customers in the industry.

　　The company attaches great importance to the automotive electronics business, invests a lot of resources, and develops several projects at the same time. The company cut into the automobile head manufacturer from the vehicle-mounted wireless wired charging, and with the ability of rapid iteration and continuous innovation, it constantly expanded the layout of new categories, and carried out product layout planning in the fields of automobile instruments, intelligent cockpit, ADAS and BMS. During the reporting period, the company’s USB and wireless charging solutions were mass-produced at the client; High-performance DC-DC power chips, HSD chips, E-fuse chips and other new products have achieved scale sample delivery at the client, and some customers have entered the fixed-point design stage of the project.

　　2, the smart phone power management chip covers the whole link, so as to improve the single-machine value.

　　During the reporting period, the company’s mobile phone wired charging chip continued to introduce products with higher integration and higher performance, which can achieve a maximum fast charging power of 300W, further maintaining its leading position in the industry and helping customers further improve the charging power and experience of products.

　　Through the application scenario traction, the company improved the product layout of the overall charging link of smart phones during the reporting period, and achieved full coverage of wired charging, wireless charging, screen driver chips and lithium battery protection chips. With the help of wired charging chips, the company has reached a deep cooperative relationship with domestic mainstream mobile phone manufacturers, and actively promoted the introduction of other product lines in the field of mobile phones, improving the stand-alone value of the company’s products in mobile phones.

　　3. Enrich the product matrix and actively expand the industrial application market.

　　The company continues to enrich product categories and plans to achieve end-to-end product layout in the industrial field; Actively expand the market of products in industrial and other fields, and achieve certain results in the fields of energy storage, drones, power tools, communications, etc., and it is expected to be further introduced into industrial power supply, AIPower and other fields in the future.

　　(D) the construction of reliability laboratories, improve quality management.

　　The company attaches great importance to quality management and establishes a quality management system according to the requirements of TS16949. The product quality has been recognized and trusted by many well-known domestic terminal manufacturers. During the reporting period, the company successfully completed the highest level certification of ISO26262 functional safety management system -ASILD level certification, and the overall product quality system moved to a new level.

　　The company actively builds its own test center, and obtains instant, accurate and complete feedback data by customizing specialized test procedures for key nodes in the process of new product research and development, thus giving positive effects to product research and development to the maximum extent. In 2023, the company has completed the construction of the second phase of the reliability laboratory. With the second phase of the laboratory put into use, the company’s quality management ability will continue to gain.

　　(E) Perfect supply chain management to improve product competitiveness.

　　The company attaches great importance to the construction of supply chain capacity, seeks cooperation with leading manufacturers in the industrial chain in supplier selection, and has established efficient linkage mechanism and long-term stable cooperative relationship with suppliers such as upstream wafer manufacturers and packaging and testing manufacturers.

　　The company’s main wafer suppliers and main packaging and testing suppliers are mainly well-known enterprises in the industry. They not only have advanced production technology to ensure the yield and consistency of products, but also are local partners, which is conducive to the independent control of the company’s supply chain, which can effectively guarantee the company’s capacity supply and reduce the impact of capacity fluctuation on the timeliness of product delivery. At the same time, because the company tilts its production capacity to the head supplier and increases the demand for orders, it can gain a better price advantage. In addition, through strategic cooperation with upstream suppliers and the development of their own processes, the company can maintain the leading position of products in wafer manufacturing process and packaging process, and further improve the competitiveness of products.

　　(six) pay attention to personnel training and establish a long-term incentive system.

　　In the process of development, the company always regards talents as the core resources of the company, and does a good job in talent construction for the large-scale growth and long-term development of the company. In 2023, the company actively broadened the channels for introducing talents, efficiently integrated R&D resources, and continuously optimized the talent team. By the end of the reporting period, the company had a total of 578 employees, including 378 R&D personnel, accounting for 65.40% of the total number of employees, of which 55.56% were R&D personnel with master’s degree or above.

　　In order to promote the construction of talent echelon, the company pays attention to employee training, optimizes talent training scheme, improves the construction of talent training system, and standardizes internal training management and professional technology sharing and exchange system. During the reporting period, the company formulated the restricted stock incentive plan for 2023. Through the implementation of the restricted stock incentive plan, 8,701,394 restricted shares were granted for the first time, which fully mobilized the enthusiasm of the company’s employees and effectively combined the interests of shareholders, the company and employees, so that all parties concerned about the long-term development of the company.

　　

　　II. Description of the company’s main business, business model, industry and R&D during the reporting period.

　　(a) the main business, main products or services.

　　Nanxin Technology is one of the leading analog and embedded chip design enterprises in China. Its main business is the research, development, design and sales of analog and embedded chips, focusing on the field of power supply and battery management, and providing customers with end-to-end complete solutions. The company’s existing products have covered mobile device power management chips (including line charging management chips, wireless charging management chips, lithium battery management chips, and other mobile device power management chips), general power management chips, adapter power management chips, and automotive electronic chips. By building a complete product matrix, it meets the application needs of customers’ systems.

　　With the business vision of "becoming the world’s leading analog and embedded chip enterprise", the company has launched high-performance power supply and battery management chips in the fields of consumer electronics, industry and automotive electronics with efficient research and development capabilities, excellent technological innovation capabilities and strict quality control capabilities, helping domestic chips to be self-controllable. The company has established an efficient linkage mechanism and long-term stable cooperative relationship with upstream wafer manufacturers, packaging and testing manufacturers and other suppliers, which has improved the company’s supply chain capability; The company has established an increasingly close partnership with terminal brand customers, kept abreast of the new direction and trends of demand-side technology in good cooperation, and conducted targeted R&D iterations on products, thus improving R&D efficiency. In the future, the company will continue to strengthen technology accumulation, increase R&D investment, continue to iteratively upgrade existing products, continuously enrich the product matrix, enhance its advantages in the field of consumer electronics, further expand its applications in industrial and automotive electronics, and strive to become the world’s leading analog and embedded chip enterprise.

　　(II) Main business models

　　During the reporting period, there was no significant change in the company’s business model. The business model adopted by the company is the Fabess model of peers in the industry, mainly focusing on the design and sales of chips, and outsourcing wafer manufacturing, packaging and testing to third-party wafer manufacturing and packaging testing enterprises.

　　1. R&D mode

　　The company adopts the business model of Fabess, and product design and research and development are the core of the company’s business. The company attaches great importance to the construction and management of R&D innovation system, and has long been committed to establishing a standardized product R&D process and quality control system to ensure that all product series can achieve high-quality product design, effective quality assurance and reliable risk management at all stages of R&D. The company’s specific R&D process includes business processes such as project establishment stage, project design stage, product verification and mass production stage to ensure that the R&D and verification processes of products can be effectively controlled and managed.

　　2, procurement and production mode

　　The company focuses on the research, development and sales of chips. By entrusting the wafer factory and the packaging and testing factory external processing to complete the wafer manufacturing and packaging testing, the company itself is only engaged in the testing of some chips. This model is technology-driven, flexible and efficient.

　　In Fabess mode, the company mainly carries out research and development, sales and quality control of chip products, and the production of products is completed by outsourcing mode, that is, the company submits the integrated circuit data independently developed and designed to the wafer factory for wafer manufacturing, and then submits the manufactured wafers to the sealing and testing factory for packaging and testing. At present, the company mainly purchases wafers and their related packaging and testing services, and the company’s wafer foundry manufacturers and packaging and testing service providers are mainly well-known enterprises in the industry.

　　3. Sales model

　　At present, the company adopts the sales mode of "distribution is the main, supplemented by direct sales", that is, the company sells products through distributors and directly to terminal manufacturers. Direct selling mode means that the company sells its products directly to the end customers, and distribution mode means that the company sells its products to dealers outright.

　　(3) the industry situation

　　1. The development stage, basic characteristics and main technical threshold of the industry.

　　1. Industry

　　The company’s main business is the research and development, design and sales of analog and embedded chips, and its industry belongs to the integrated circuit design industry. According to the National Economic Industry Classification of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (GB/T4754-2017), the company belongs to "Computer, Communication and Other Electronic Equipment Manufacturing" in "Manufacturing", and the industry code is "C39". The integrated circuit design industry in which the company is located belongs to the encouraged industry stipulated in the Guidance Catalogue for Industrial Structure Adjustment (2019 edition) promulgated by the National Development and Reform Commission. The competent government department is the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the industry self-regulatory organization is the China Semiconductor Industry Association.

　　2. Overview of industry development

　　(1) integrated circuit industry

　　Integrated circuit industry is the core of information technology industry, and it is a strategic, basic and leading industry that supports economic and social development and guarantees national security. Integrated circuit products can be mainly divided into digital chips and analog chips according to their functions, in which digital chips refer to integrated circuit chips designed and operated based on digital logic and used to process digital signals, including micro-components, memory and logic chip adapter power management chips; Analog chip refers to an integrated circuit chip that processes continuous analog signals.

　　As the market performance in the second and third quarters of 2023 was slightly better than expected, at the end of November 2023, the World Semiconductor Trade Statistics Organization (WSTS) raised its forecast for the global semiconductor market in 2023, from the previous US$ 515 billion to US$ 520.1 billion, and the global semiconductor market in 2023 decreased by 9.4% compared with that in 2022.

　　According to WSTS forecast, the semiconductor market in all regions of the world will pick up in 2024, especially in America and Asia-Pacific region, which will achieve double-digit growth. It is predicted that the global semiconductor market will recover strongly in 2024, with a forecast growth of 13.1% to US$ 588.4 billion.

　　In the long run, the global and China IC industry will continue to grow. In recent years, emerging industries such as new energy vehicles, 5G, autonomous driving, data centers, industrial automation, artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, and wearable devices will form strong future demand. In the next few years, the growth rate of communication, consumer electronics, data center and other fields will slow down, while the fields of automobile and industrial use will grow rapidly.

　　China is the world’s largest demand market for integrated circuits, especially for high-end chips with high value. The import amount of chips far exceeds the export amount, which shows that there is a lot of import substitution space in the chip field in China. It has become an urgent problem for China’s high-end integrated circuit industry to realize self-control and import substitution. In order to promote the process of chip localization, in May 2015, the State Council released "Made in China 2025", which proposed that the chip self-sufficiency rate should reach 70% in 2025.

　　According to the statistical bulletin of national economic and social development in 2023 issued by the National Bureau of Statistics, China’s annual output of integrated circuits in 2023 was 351.44 billion, an increase of 6.9% over the previous year. In 2001, the number of integrated circuits exported was 267.8 billion, down by 1.8% over the previous year, amounting to 956.8 billion yuan, down by 5.0% over the previous year, ranking fourth among China’s major commodity exports. The number of integrated circuits imported was 479.6 billion, down by 10.8% over the previous year, and the amount was 2,459.1 billion yuan, down by 10.6% over the previous year, ranking first among China’s major commodity imports.

　　(2) analog chip industry

　　Analog integrated circuit products have a long life cycle, and their downstream applications are widespread and scattered, which is a barometer of the development of the whole market. Thanks to the technology accumulation of the industry itself and the development of downstream application fields such as consumer electronics, smart home, intelligent security, automotive electronics and industrial control, the analog integrated circuit industry has maintained steady development. According to WSTS forecast, the global analog chip market scale will reach 84.1 billion US dollars in 2024, an increase of 3.7% compared with 2023.

　　In 2023, the growth rate of China’s analog chip market will slow down, but it is expected to exceed 300 billion yuan, accounting for more than 50% of the global analog chip market. In the short to medium term, China will remain the largest analog chip consumer market in the world.

　　With the domestic demand for analog chips in automobile, industry, communication and other fields, and the domestic analog chips have great room for improvement in localization rate, the analog chip market in China will continue to grow in the future.

　　3, the technical level and characteristics of the industry

　　In terms of high-power charging, the charging power of consumer terminals represented by mobile phones has gradually increased. The conventional 18W charging power has been gradually replaced by 33W, and some high-end models and flagship models have introduced charging power of 200W and above, which has driven the penetration rate and charging power of high-power charging to continue to increase.

　　In terms of miniaturization charging, the third generation semiconductor technology and high integration scheme make the power density of adapters increase and the number of peripheral devices decrease, and miniaturization charging scheme becomes the market trend.

　　In the end-to-end complete solution, the complete solution can reduce the system cost of the terminal manufacturer and shorten the product development cycle of the terminal manufacturer. For chip manufacturers, providing an end-to-end complete solution requires chip manufacturers to fully understand the whole system, break through the limitations of single product research and development, and have higher requirements for chip manufacturers.

　　4, the main technical threshold

　　The downstream applications of the company’s products include high-end consumer fields such as mobile phones and notebook computers, and automotive and industrial fields. Among them, the internal power management chip of mobile phone requires high volume, stability and consistency, and the company’s products are mainly used for charging management and battery management, which requires high safety and performance; Automotive and industrial application scenarios require high chips. Therefore, there are high technical barriers in the industry where the company is located.

　　2. Analysis of the industry position of the company and its changes.

　　(1) The company is one of the few companies in China that can directly compete with international manufacturers in the same industry and realize domestic substitution of high-end products.

　　Analog and embedded chip companies with outstanding R&D strength and large-scale operation capability are mainly concentrated overseas. Nanxin Technology is one of the few companies in China that can directly compete with international manufacturers in the field of power supply and battery management and realize domestic substitution of high-end products. In the field of consumer electronics applications such as mobile phones, the company directly competes with international manufacturers in the same industry, and replaces the market share of some international manufacturers, helping domestic substitution of chips. Among the products represented by charging management chips, the key technical indicators of some models of the company have already possessed the performance of competing with international manufacturers or surpassing foreign competitors.

　　(2) The company is the backbone in the field of domestic analog chips.

　　After years of development, the company has been among the forefront of domestic analog chip design companies and has grown into the backbone of the domestic analog chip field. As a design company focusing on power management chips, the company’s products cover the whole charging link, and it is one of the few local enterprises with complete solutions from power supply end to equipment end. In the fields of smart phones, automotive electronics, industry and pan-consumption, the company has opened up the whole product application field, with rich product matrix, completed the end-to-end product layout of each application scenario, and strengthened the overall product innovation competitiveness of the company. With forward-looking product definition ability and strong research and development ability, the company has the advantages of leading performance and high reliability, and has been widely recognized by customers in the fields of smart phones, automotive electronics, industry and pan-consumption. In the field of smart phones, the company’s products have entered well-known mobile phone brands such as Glory, OPPO, Xiaomi, vivo and Voice. In the automotive field, the company’s products have entered Volvo, Hyundai and other brands; In the industrial field, the company’s products have entered brands such as TTI; In the field of pan-consumption, the company’s products have entered Anker, Zimi, Belgin, Harman and other brands.

　　3. The development of new technologies, (), new formats and new models during the reporting period and the future development trend.

　　1. New technology

　　(1) high efficiency and low consumption

　　In the field of power supply, power conversion efficiency and standby power consumption are always one of the core indicators. All countries in the world have introduced various energy efficiency standards, such as American Energy Star, German "Der Blaue Engel Standard" and China Certification Center. The industry realizes the high efficiency and low power consumption requirements of power management chip and its power supply system by developing more advanced circuit topology and switch control technology, lower conductance power device technology and more sophisticated high voltage start technology.

　　(2) integration

　　The thinness and thinness of portable devices has always been the key demand to improve the user experience, and the technology of power supply and battery management chip has also shown an increasingly significant integration trend. On the one hand, in order to achieve the goal of thinness and thinness, the terminal product requires higher integration and fewer peripheral devices, so as to reduce the number of components in the whole scheme, save circuit board space and reduce the size of the whole scheme; On the other hand, the terminal equipment is becoming more and more complex, and its more functional features and more complex processors require more advanced power management solutions, and it is required to integrate more functions on a smaller silicon chip to achieve stronger system power performance. At the same time, the integrated power supply and battery management chip can effectively reduce the system cost and design complexity, shorten the research and development cycle of terminal manufacturers, and improve the long-term reliability of the system.

　　(3) Simulation technology and embedded processing technology cooperate with each other.

　　With the system functions becoming more and more complex, the requirements for energy consumption are getting higher and higher, and the requirements for monitoring and controlling the running state of power supply and battery are also getting higher and higher. The design of power supply and battery management chip is no longer satisfied with real-time monitoring of current, voltage and temperature, but also needs to realize the requirements of diagnosing power supply, battery working state and flexibly setting output voltage and current parameters. In addition, the power management chip needs real-time communication with the main system to meet the power supply requirements of each functional module of the system, so as to meet the requirements of intelligent power management and regulation. Simulation technology and embedded technology cooperate with each other, which promotes the development of power supply and battery management chip in the intelligent direction. Through the seamless combination of hardware and embedded software, the functions of monitoring, controlling and communicating the state of power supply and battery can be flexibly realized. In recent years, with the advantages of flexible debugging, fast response, high integration and high controllability, a new generation of power supply and battery management chips combining analog technology and embedded processing technology are gradually expanding to many application fields.

　　2. New industries

　　(1) The third generation compound semiconductor gallium nitride (GaN) has become a market trend.

　　Transformer is the largest component in the charger, and the key to miniaturization of charger lies in the miniaturization of transformer. Generally, the higher the switching frequency, the smaller the required transformer volume. The switching frequency of traditional Si materials has reached the upper limit, and the third generation semiconductor materials can achieve faster switching speed, thus allowing higher switching frequency and further reducing the size of the charger. With the characteristics of fast switching speed, high power density, high voltage resistance and high frequency, the third-generation compound semiconductor small-volume charging adapter based on GaN is increasingly widely used in high-end models. According to Yoe data, the application scale of power GaN in the consumer market is expected to increase from 79.6 million US dollars in 2021 to 964.7 million US dollars in 2027, with a compound annual growth rate of 52%.

　　In the process of expanding the market of GaN power supply, the requirements for the integration of chips are getting higher and higher. The original GaN power supply is generally designed by controller+driver+gallium nitride power device, which is not only complicated in circuit layout, relatively difficult in product development, but also expensive. In recent years, based on the technical advantages of power chips, outstanding chip manufacturers in the industry have introduced highly integrated power chips with built-in GaN power devices, that is, sealed GaN chips. By improving the chip integration, the peripheral components are further reduced, the size of the charger is reduced, the difficulty of system development and debugging is also reduced, and the product reliability is improved.

　　(2) Intelligentization and electrification drive the rapid development of automotive electronics.

　　The intelligent electrification reform is reshaping the traditional automobile industrial chain, and automobile electronics has become the core factor to promote the reform. Various analog and embedded chips, sensors and computing chips are widely used in various functional modules of electric smart cars, which drives the rapid development of automobile electronics and the rapid improvement of the value of automobile electronics supply chain. According to Roland Berger’s prediction, the value of BOM (bill of materials) related to automotive electronics will increase from $3,130/car to $7,030/car from 2019 to 2025, in which the value of intelligent BOM will increase by $1,665/car and the value of electric BOM will increase by $2,235/car.

　　In the field of power supply and battery management chips, thanks to the wide application of intelligent functions such as automatic driving and intelligent cockpit in automobiles, the demand for chips related to digital display, human-vehicle interaction and ADAS, such as display screen power supply, backlight drive, USB car charging, system and camera power supply, has greatly increased. Under the electrification reform, the traditional fuel powertrain system has been eliminated, and the electric powertrain system has adopted new components such as BMS and DC-DC converter, and the demand for power supply and battery management chips has greatly increased. Automotive electronics has become another field that promotes the rapid growth of the power supply and battery management chip market after the consumer field.

　　3. New format

　　(1) governments of various countries or regions increase their support for industries.

　　In recent years, due to the shortage of chips in many countries, integrated circuit manufacturing powers and regions, including the United States, Japan and Europe, have re-recognized the importance of advanced integrated circuit technology and supply security, and have introduced supportive policies to accelerate the layout of semiconductor industries including integrated circuits, and strengthen government support for industries to consolidate the competitiveness of enterprises. Take Europe as an example. On September 21, 2023, the European Chip Act came into effect. The EU will invest more than 43 billion euros to boost the European chip industry. The Act requires that the global share of EU chip production should be increased from 10% in 2023 to 20% in 2030 to meet its own and world market demand.

　　(2) The demand for domestic substitution of integrated circuits in the whole industry is significant.

　　Integrated circuits are very important to the development of China’s information industry. Although China is the largest chip market in the world, it has long been dependent on imports, and it is also in a weak position in the global chip industry. Especially since foreign countries cut off supply in recent years, the China market has been greatly affected. It is urgent to speed up the development of its own core technology and improve the self-sufficiency rate of chips. The State Council released "Made in China 2025", which proposed that the chip self-sufficiency rate in China should reach 70% in 2025. According to TechInsights, the chip self-sufficiency rate in China will be less than 30% in 2023. In order to realize the independent control of the industry, integrated circuits, as a national strategic industry, are expected to receive strong policy support, and the industry and capital environment will continue to improve.

　　At the same time, as the focus of global terminal manufacturing and semiconductor manufacturing shifts to the Asia-Pacific region, the field of power management chip design also shows a trend of shifting from Europe, America and other regions to China. Under the interaction of multiple factors, more and more OEM/ODM manufacturers in China began to choose local suppliers as secondary suppliers when they were out of stock, and the demand for integrated circuit localization increased significantly.

　　Specifically, in the field of power management chips, local power management chip design companies have accelerated their technological catch-up under the background of escalating trade friction between China and the United States, and the gap between the overall technical level and foreign design companies has been narrowing. The power management chips designed and developed by domestic enterprises have gradually replaced the share of foreign competitors in many application fields, especially in the consumer electronics market with medium and small power segments. The shipments have increased year by year, and the market share has also gradually increased.

　　4. New mode

　　(1) The industrial chain is more closely coordinated.

　　Influenced by the uncertainty of macro-political and economic situation and the trade friction between China and the United States, the competition of global integrated circuit industry has intensified, and industrial synergy has become a trend. With the increasingly fierce "arms race" of international chip giants, the core competitiveness of integrated circuit industry enterprises is no longer just a single dominant technology or product, but also comes from the control and operation of highly concentrated and efficient resources in the industrial chain, and the industrial competition mode has officially changed to "whole industry chain competition".

　　The coordinated development of industrial chain is conducive to the faster progress of the industry. Chip designers are more closely coordinated with upstream wafer manufacturers, packaging and testing manufacturers and downstream terminal manufacturers, and it is more important to build an all-round semiconductor ecosystem in the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain. Through cooperation with downstream terminal manufacturers, we can better understand the terminal requirements and guide the research and development direction; By cooperating with upstream wafer manufacturers and packaging and testing manufacturers, we can strengthen the supply chain capability and jointly promote the technological progress in wafer manufacturing and packaging and testing.

　　In the process of coordinated development of industrial chain, industry competition will pay more attention to the competition of comprehensive strength of products, customers and talents, and the industrial competition mode will develop towards systematization and ecology.

　　(IV) Core technologies and R&D progress

　　1. Core technologies and their advanced features and changes during the reporting period.

　　During the reporting period, the company added seven core technologies, namely, lithium battery monitoring technology, zero-voltage switching charge pump control technology, low-voltage self-starting technology, secondary control fully integrated soft-switching Fyback technology, SmartHighSideDriver technology, automotive smart fuse technology and automotive antenna LDO technology.

　　2. R&D achievements obtained during the reporting period

　　During the reporting period, the company applied for 62 new intellectual property projects, including 62 invention patents; By December 31st, 2023, the company had obtained 89 invention patents and 61 layout designs of integrated circuits.

　　3. R&D investment table

　　Reasons for significant changes in total R&D investment compared with the previous year

　　Mainly due to the company’s increased investment in R&D, the investment in R&D personnel salary and R&D materials increased significantly during the reporting period compared with the same period of last year.

　　4. Research projects

　　25/223

　　28/223

　　5. R&D personnel

　　6. Other explanations

　　

　　Iii. Analysis of core competitiveness during the reporting period

　　(A) analysis of core competitiveness

　　1. The leading domestic chip manufacturer with end-to-end complete solution capability.

　　The company has a number of product lines, covering the entire charging link management link, and is a leading chip manufacturer with end-to-end complete solution capability in China. The company is deeply deployed in the fields of smart phones, automotive electronics, industry and pan-consumption. The company will continue to develop new products around customer applications, complete the product layout of the overall charging link of the scene, and continuously enhance the competitiveness of products.

　　At the R&D level, providing a complete solution needs to form a set of proprietary technology system based on a full understanding of the whole system, which is not limited to single-point or local cognition, so it can strengthen cooperation with customers in a wider range and at a higher level. By providing customers with complete solutions, we can deeply understand the pain points of customers and solve practical problems for customers, thus promoting the company’s multi-dimensional and all-round innovation.

　　On the quality control level, the compatibility, adaptability and reliability of products are the keys to the performance and quality of terminal equipment. A complete solution can reduce the compatibility and adaptability of products between different manufacturers, effectively improve the quality control and accountability efficiency of the whole procurement link, and thus ensure the stable operation of terminal equipment to the greatest extent.

　　At the sales level, customers can effectively reduce their operating and purchasing costs and shorten their product development cycle by purchasing complete solutions. The company can also promote the sales of other related products through the early introduction of a single product, thus improving the sales efficiency of the company’s products. Through the sales and support of the whole package, we can further enhance customer stickiness and build a higher competitive threshold.

　　2. Adhere to technological innovation, precipitate excellent product definition ability, and continuously create value for customers.

　　The company has long adhered to technological independence and innovation. Through years of insight into the market and continuous definition of new products, the company has accumulated excellent product definition ability, which can actively and quickly match the development trend of the industry and the demands of customers. The planned product R&D roadmap has a high degree of fit with the future product needs of downstream customers, creating more valuable and competitive products for customers.

　　Defining and launching products in time according to market demand is based on the company’s management’s rich industry experience and keen market insight, which requires the R&D team to have rich technical accumulation and the ability to solve new demands and problems in the R&D process, and the production, operation, marketing and other departments to respond quickly and implement them. All the above factors reflect the company’s comprehensive competitiveness such as R&D ability, customer accumulation and supply chain coordination.

　　3. High-quality brand customer barriers+self-controllable supply chain

　　With excellent technical innovation and product research and development capabilities, the company continues to provide customers with more valuable and competitive products, which has been widely recognized by the market. Brand customers are strict and cautious when choosing chip suppliers, and the entry threshold is high. They need to go through long-term product review and verification before they can enter their supply system. The company’s products have been widely recognized by end customers in performance, delivery, quality and other aspects. During the reporting period, they won several awards from customers such as OPPO, vivo, Glory and Lenovo, which were deeply affirmed and recognized by customers.

　　The long-term cooperation between the company and the end customers of major brands has formed a strong stickiness, which is helpful for the company to achieve stable operation. At the same time, brand end customers have strong comprehensive strength and unremitting pursuit of technological innovation, which represents the development direction of the industry. With the development of brand end customers, the company can timely understand and meet the latest needs of customers in the process of serving customers, can continuously maintain the forward-looking research and development and the leading position of products, and promote the virtuous circle of company products from research and development to landing and continuous iteration.

　　The company attaches great importance to the construction of independent and controllable supply chain system, and actively seeks in-depth cooperation with leading suppliers in the industry. At present, it has established long-term cooperative relations of mutual trust with many leading suppliers in the industry.

　　The company’s main suppliers are local partners, ensuring the company’s supply chain to be autonomous and controllable. In addition, the company has established strategic cooperative relations with major suppliers, gained the advantage of purchasing cost by gathering order demand, and at the same time cooperated with suppliers in depth to build its own technology, so as to maintain the leading position of the company’s products in technology and packaging and enhance the competitiveness of products.

　　4. Improve the product layout with multiple application scenarios, and the platform-based development has achieved initial results.

　　During the reporting period, the company achieved rapid growth in the fields of smart phones, automotive electronics, adapters, industry and pan-consumption. In the future, the company will continue to improve the product layout of various application scenarios and enhance product competitiveness and profitability in various application fields.

　　Through continuous optimization and improvement of product layout, the company will gradually develop into a more competitive platform company, with a more stable business structure and further increased risk resistance, laying a solid foundation for the company’s further development.

　　(II) Events that have seriously affected the core competitiveness of the company during the reporting period, impact analysis and countermeasures.

　　

　　Fourth, risk factors

　　(A) Not yet profitable risk

　　(2) Risk of sharp decline in performance or loss

　　(C) core competitiveness risks

　　(1) Risk of product development and technological innovation

　　The company’s products are mainly used in consumer electronics. The consumer electronics industry is changing rapidly and the market window is short, which requires the company to launch new products quickly and update and iterate continuously with the market changes. Therefore, the company needs to maintain a high sensitivity to market changes and the iterative trend of mainstream technologies, and formulate a dynamic technology development strategy. In the future, if the company’s technology R&D level lags behind the upgrading level of the industry, it will lead to the waste of the company’s R&D resources and miss the market development opportunities, which will have an adverse impact on the company.

　　(2) Risk of R&D personnel loss or shortage

　　Integrated circuit design enterprises usually need to train R&D designers for a long time, build experienced design teams, and constantly introduce excellent design talents. With the increasingly fierce market competition, the competition for R&D talents among companies in the industry is increasing. In the future, if the salary level of the company is not competitive, the human resource management and internal promotion system are not effectively implemented, and there is no effective equity incentive measures, it will be difficult to introduce more outstanding technical personnel, and even lead to the loss of existing backbone technical personnel, which will have an adverse impact on the company’s technology research and development.

　　(3) Risk of core technology leakage

　　The company’s core technology runs through the process of product development, design and production, which is very important for the company to control production costs and improve product performance and quality, and is the company’s core competitiveness. If the protection of core technologies is unfavorable or the outflow of core technicians leads to the leakage, theft or imitation of key technologies by competitors, it may have an adverse impact on the company’s technological innovation, business development and even operating performance.

　　(4) Operational risks

　　(1) The risk of high customer concentration under the distribution mode.

　　During the reporting period, the total sales revenue of the company to the top five customers accounted for 74.35% of the current operating income, accounting for a relatively high proportion. The company’s customers are mainly well-known electronic component dealers in the industry.

　　In the future, if the operation and credit status of the company’s major customers or terminal brand manufacturers are adversely changed, or the current operation and procurement strategies of major customers are greatly changed, the company will have certain uncertainty about the sales revenue of major customers, thus affecting the company’s stable profitability. In addition, if the demand of some major customers decreases, the company’s revenue growth rate may slow down or even decline.

　　(2) The risk of high concentration of suppliers

　　The company’s main wafer suppliers and sealing and testing suppliers belong to domestic industry leading enterprises, and the concentration of suppliers is relatively high.

　　Wafer manufacturing and packaging testing are both capital and technology-intensive industries, and the number of suppliers who meet the company’s technical and production requirements is relatively small. In the future, if the company’s main suppliers have adverse changes in their operations, limited production capacity or tense cooperation relations, or because of adverse changes in the overall prosperity of the industrial chain, suppliers may not be able to deliver goods in full and on time, and may put forward more unfavorable commercial cooperation conditions such as supply price, payment requirements and delivery period, which will adversely affect the company’s production and operation.

　　(3) Management risks caused by the expansion of the company’s scale

　　During the reporting period, the company’s business continued to develop, and the company’s corresponding asset scale and personnel were also expanding. With the public offering of the company’s shares and the implementation of investment projects with raised funds, the company’s business scale and personnel team are expected to further expand, which will put forward higher requirements for the company’s management, resource integration, technology development, market development, quality control and other aspects. If the company’s internal management level can’t meet the requirements of the company’s rapid development, it will make the company likely to have management risks caused by scale expansion, which will adversely affect the company’s further development.

　　(4) The risk that the company’s revenue will maintain steady growth.

　　During the reporting period, the scale of the global semiconductor market declined due to local geopolitical wars, declining demand for terminal applications and other factors. In the short term, the global economic growth is expected to slow down, the demand in the terminal consumer market will be difficult to boost, the competition among companies in the same industry in the world will continue to intensify, or it will have an adverse impact on the company’s products, resulting in the company’s operating income can not continue to grow.

　　(V) Financial risks

　　1. Risk of fluctuation of gross profit margin of the company’s products

　　In 2023, the gross profit margin of the company’s main business was 42.30%, a decrease of 0.74 percentage points compared with the same period of last year, and there were fluctuations in gross profit. The gross profit margin of the company’s main products is mainly affected by downstream demand, product price, product structure, materials and processing costs and the company’s technical level. If the recovery of the industry is less than expected, or geopolitical instability is unfavorable to the downstream consumer electronics market, the risk of further weakening of consumer market demand and further decline of the company’s gross profit margin will not be ruled out, which will adversely affect the company’s profitability. Therefore, if the company can’t optimize the gross profit margin level through continuous technical iteration, optimizing product structure and reducing product unit cost, it may lead to a decline in the company’s gross profit margin, thus affecting the company’s profitability and performance.

　　2. Inventory depreciation risk

　　At the end of 2023 and 2022, the book value of the company’s inventory was 525,382,600 yuan and 335,584,000 yuan respectively, and the inventory scale increased with the expansion of business scale. If the market demand environment changes, the market competition intensifies, or the company cannot effectively expand sales channels, optimize inventory management, and reasonably control inventory scale, it may lead to unsalable products and inventory backlog, thus increasing the risk of inventory depreciation and adversely affecting the company’s operating performance.

　　3. Risk of exchange rate fluctuation

　　In 2023 and 2022, the company sold and purchased overseas, quoted and settled in US dollars. With the expansion of the company’s business scale, the amount of overseas sales and purchases is expected to increase further. Although the company has considered the possible fluctuation of exchange rate between the conclusion of contracts or orders and the receipt and payment of funds, there is still great uncertainty about the exchange rate change with the changes of domestic and international political and economic environment. If the exchange rate between RMB and USD fluctuates greatly in the future, it will have a certain impact on the company’s performance.

　　(VI) Industry risks

　　China is the world’s largest consumer market for analog chips. With the two-wheel drive of new technologies and industrial policies, the demand for analog chips in China will become stronger in the future. At present, the global analog chip market is dominated by European and American manufacturers such as TI, which occupy the high-end product market of China analog chip industry, and by virtue of their advantages in capital, platform, research and development, they create greater competitive pressure on domestic enterprises trying to enter the middle and high-end product market. Faced with the competitive pressure of these head manufacturers, the company may adopt the strategy of providing customers with better cost performance to obtain orders for products with similar performance, which may lead to the risk of pressure on product profit level and cash flow. In addition, in recent years, the number of domestic analog chip manufacturers has increased, and the industry competition has intensified, and the company may face the risk of declining profitability.

　　(VII) Macro-environmental risks

　　In recent years, international trade frictions have been constant, and some countries have tried to restrict the development of related industries in China by means of trade protection. The company has always strictly abided by the laws of China and other countries, but the international situation is changing rapidly. Once the company’s business is limited, suppliers are unable to supply or customers’ purchases are constrained due to international trade frictions, the normal production and operation of the company will be greatly adversely affected.

　　In recent years, the United States has successively listed some enterprises in the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain in the "entity list", or restricted the access of some China companies to semiconductor technology and services by other means. Some suppliers of the company inevitably use American equipment or technology, and if the trade friction continues to intensify, it may lead to restrictions on their supply or service to the company, thus adversely affecting their operations.

　　(8) Risks related to depositary receipts

　　(9) Other major risks.

　　

　　V. Main operations during the reporting period

　　In 2023, the company realized an operating income of 1,780,402,300 yuan, an increase of 36.87% year-on-year; Operating profit was 262,693,700 yuan, up 10.21% year-on-year; The total profit was 266,277,800 yuan, up 10.34% year-on-year; The net profit attributable to owners of the parent company was 261,357,500 yuan, up 6.15% year-on-year.

　　During the reporting period, the company’s total operating income increased by 479,621,500 yuan year-on-year, with an increase of 36.87%, mainly due to the expansion of business scale and sales growth.

　　

　　VI. The Company’s Discussion and Analysis on the Company’s Future Development

　　(A) the industry pattern and trends

　　(II) Company development strategy

　　With the business vision of "becoming the world’s leading analog and embedded chip enterprise", the company has launched high-performance power supply and battery management chips in the fields of consumer electronics, industry and automotive electronics with efficient research and development capabilities, excellent technological innovation capabilities and strict quality control capabilities, helping domestic chips to be self-controllable. The company has established an efficient linkage mechanism and long-term and stable cooperative relationship with suppliers such as wafer manufacturers and packaging and testing manufacturers, which has improved the company’s supply chain capability; The company has established an increasingly close partnership with terminal brand customers, kept abreast of the new direction and trends of demand-side technology in good cooperation, and conducted targeted R&D iterations on products, thus improving R&D efficiency. In the future, the company will continue to strengthen technology accumulation, continuously upgrade existing products, continuously enrich the product matrix, enhance its advantages in the field of consumer electronics, expand its applications in the field of industry and automotive electronics, and strive to become the world’s leading analog and embedded chip enterprise.

　　(3) Business plan

　　1. Strengthen R&D investment, continue product innovation, and promote the steady growth of the company’s main business.

　　In 2024, the company expects to maintain the R&D expense rate of the previous year and continuously strengthen R&D investment to meet the company’s growing product demand. The company will adhere to technological innovation, take the application scenario as the traction, continuously lay out new products and new application fields, further consolidate and expand the competitive advantage of the company’s main business, and realize the steady growth of the company’s performance.

　　2. Formulate the company’s long-term development strategy and promote the steady and rapid growth of the company.

　　The company has set a long-term development strategic goal and determined a short-term business plan for the next three years. The company will make joint efforts in smart phones, automotive electronics, industry and other consumer markets, continuously enrich product categories, realize end-to-end product layout of various application scenarios, and further expand its competitive advantage. Through root technology development and product technology innovation, the company will deposit excellent product definition ability, continue to create value for customers, build a deeper business moat, and promote the company’s steady, high-speed and sustained growth.

　　3. Consolidate and enhance the market share of the domestic market and actively explore overseas markets.

　　Guided by market demand, the company will continue to pay close attention to the changes in the habits of end users, deeply understand the actual needs of end users for charging products, enhance customer stickiness, explore more efficient and stable customer cooperation modes, and develop new domestic customers to enhance the market share of the domestic market. By establishing overseas sales channels, actively expand overseas customers and enhance business development space.

　　4. Continue to promote the company’s cost reduction and efficiency improvement, and increase the profit margin.

　　Although the global semiconductor market is expected to recover in 2024, the fierce competition in the domestic chip market is expected to continue. Carrying out cost reduction is conducive to reducing the company’s expenses, improving the company’s profit level, improving efficiency, strengthening the input-output ratio and improving the conversion efficiency of input. In 2024, the company plans to reduce costs and increase efficiency as a key task of its annual operation, which will be implemented in relevant departments and jobs to cope with the weak national economy and intensified competition, and to keep the company’s revenue growing steadily and continuously.

　　5. Strengthen organizational construction and improve management efficiency.

　　In 2024, the company will continue to strengthen organizational capacity building, carry out the capacity improvement of middle and back-office business departments, improve the overall business process efficiency, and build an efficient business process system with feedback mechanism. The management of the company will further improve the efficiency of operation and management, continuously strengthen the company’s core competitiveness, profitability and comprehensive risk management capabilities, and help the company’s business scale development, with a view to achieving rapid development and giving back to investors.

　　6. Promote the standardized operation of listed companies and improve their management ability and governance level.

　　In 2024, The Company will strictly abide by the Company Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the Company Law), the Securities Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the Securities Law), the Listing Rules of science and technology innovation board Stock Exchange of Shanghai Stock Exchange, the Self-regulatory Guidance of science and technology innovation board Listed Companies of Shanghai Stock Exchange No.1-Standardized Operation and the Articles of Association of Shanghai Nanxin Semiconductor Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the Articles of Association). Continue to promote the standardized operation of public companies, fully fulfill the obligation of information disclosure in accordance with the law, actively undertake corporate social responsibilities, improve the governance level of listed companies, continue to strengthen communication with investors, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of investors. At the same time, strengthen the training of the company’s business and system at all levels, improve management ability and level, formulate implementation plans, consolidate management responsibilities, promote the improvement of corporate governance and management level from top to bottom, and ensure the full completion of the annual business objectives.