标签归档 西安耍耍论坛

Some netizens’ flower garden quota was lowered. Official response: advocating more rational consumption.

  In response to the fact that some netizens said that their flower garden quota was reduced to 2,000 yuan or 3,000 yuan, Ant Group replied on December 23 that the flower garden was recently adjusting the quota of some young users and advocating more rational consumption habits.

  Flower Garden is a scene-based credit consumption tool launched by Ant Group. When spending, users can use the amount of flower garden and enjoy the shopping experience of "spending first, then paying". The initial application scenarios of Huayuan focused on Taobao and Tmall, and then extended to parking fees, travel, hospitals, restaurants, supermarkets and so on.

  On November 2, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission and the Central Bank publicly solicited opinions on the Interim Measures for the Management of Online Small Loan Business, focusing on standardizing the risks and problems existing in online small loan business before.

  Guo Wuping, director of the Consumer Protection Bureau of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, later wrote that compared with licensed financial institutions, financial technology companies rely more on behavioral data such as shopping, trading and logistics, and rely more on borrowers’ consumption and repayment willingness, lacking effective evaluation of repayment ability, which often leads to over-credit, which together with scenario guidance stimulates ahead of consumption, making some low-income people and young people fall into debt traps, ultimately damaging consumers’ rights and interests, and even bringing harm to families and society.

  On December 15th, Jing Xiandong, the chairman of Ant Group, said in his first public speech after the suspension of listing, more than one month after the suspension of listing, under the guidance of supervision, Ant Group made every effort to do a good job in the aftermath of the suspension of listing, and compared with the requirements of the regulatory authorities, looked in the mirror, found shortcomings, made a physical examination, actively cooperated with supervision, and further implemented the regulatory requirements.

Shanghai: On October 6th and 7th, the whole community will continue to carry out nucleic acid screening.

  On October 6th, the Information Office of Shanghai Municipal People’s Government held a press conference on epidemic prevention and control to introduce the situation.

  Ping Liu, the person in charge of the nucleic acid screening class for epidemic prevention and control in Shanghai, said that recently, there have been frequent outbreaks, frequent personnel movements and gatherings in many places in China, and the pressure of "external defense input and internal defense rebound" is still relatively high. In order to further consolidate the results of epidemic prevention and control and quickly find positive infected people, it is necessary to further strengthen the recent social nucleic acid screening work. Considering the demand for nucleic acid testing for returning from the National Day holiday and going to work and school on the 8 th, in accordance with the relevant regulations of the state and this Municipality on epidemic prevention and control,On October 6 and 7, the whole community will continue to carry out nucleic acid screening and normalized nucleic acid testing.

  Each district should reasonably arrange the screening time according to the actual situation in its own jurisdiction, fully launch and meticulously organize, especially strengthen the investigation of places that are easy to miss inspection, such as hotels, rental houses, street shops, etc., and implement them according to the requirements of "not leaving one household and not leaving one person". At the same time, it appeals to the general public to bear in mind the responsibility of epidemic prevention, take the initiative to participate in community screening on time, and jointly protect the hard-won epidemic prevention achievements. For the specific time schedule, please pay attention to the information released in your district.

  Related reports:

  On October 6th, there were 2 new cases of local infection in Shanghai: one confirmed case and one asymptomatic infection.

  Wu Ganyu, the first-class inspector of the Shanghai Municipal Health and Wellness Committee, said that today, one local confirmed case and one local asymptomatic infected person were added to the society of our city. The emergency response mechanism of epidemic prevention and control in the city and district responded immediately, carried out epidemiological investigation, investigation of relevant personnel, sampling detection and prevention and control management, and implemented epidemic prevention measures such as terminal disinfection of relevant places and environment. These two cases of positive infection have been transferred to designated medical institutions for isolation treatment or isolation medical observation.

  Infected person 1: Male, 63 years old, came to Shanghai by flight MF8292 and transferred to flight HO1132 on October 4th, and temporarily stayed in the south area of Lane 1359, Jinyuan 1st Road, Jiangqiao Town, Jiading District. Abnormal nucleic acid detection was found, and it was positive by the disease control department, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19. Epidemiological investigation shows that the activity track of the positive infected person in Shanghai mainly involves Jinyun Dining Hall at No.662-1 Jinyun Road and Jiangqiao Boutique Fruit Supermarket at No.658 Jinyun Road, Jiading District, in addition to the temporary residence.

  Infected person 2: Male, 32 years old, came to Shanghai on October 4th by UQ2535 flight, transferred to 9C7510 flight, and temporarily stayed at No.1097, Hunan Road, Beicai Town, Pudong New Area. Abnormal nucleic acid detection was found, and the disease control department rechecked it as positive, so he was diagnosed as asymptomatic infected person. Epidemiological investigation shows that the activity track of the positive infected person in Shanghai is mainly related to the roast meat of Pengmajia rock on the third floor of Longyang Square, No.2000 Longyang Road, Pudong New Area, stall No.187 on the first floor of No.427 Fuyou Road, Huangpu District, and the bottom floor of No.36 Xin Yong ‘an Road.

New energy vehicles: pick me up? A complete interpretation of Shanghai’s regional policies

The license auction in July ended with the lowest transaction price of 88,300 yuan, which was higher than the lowest transaction price in June in 500 yuan. The price of the license plate and the success probability of 1: 20 make many car owners flinch from the Shanghai license plate, but they can’t get the license plate, so the time on the road can only be delayed.

For people living in Shanghai, it’s no news that "it’s hard to draw cards, but it’s hard to go to the sky". In recent years, the new energy vehicles that have gradually warmed up can be licensed for free. We use the data to help you make a comparison of car maintenance expenses. Look at new energy vehicles, is it worth picking up?

Say “No "to" eat dirt "

First of all, let’s calculate the car maintenance cost of choosing a new energy car.

We have sorted out five popular new energy vehicles for you, and after selecting them, we can know their charging costs and the fuel costs required by fuel vehicles with similar cost performance. Click view interaction > > >

It is not difficult to find that even charging your car with the most expensive electricity is cheaper than refueling.

According to the Blue Book of New Energy Vehicles: China New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Report (2017) issued by China Automobile Industry Association, the annual income of new energy vehicle users in second-and third-tier cities is mostly less than 200,000 yuan. Even in Shanghai, where the annual income is high, there are still 55% users whose annual income is less than 200,000 yuan.

The low cost of new energy vehicles has become a major reason for its popularity, and besides saving money on car maintenance, its threshold price for buying a car is not high.

According to the price data of "car home" website, we found that from 2017, the main market force of new energy vehicles in Shanghai changed from the original mid-priced vehicles (200,000-400,000) to low-priced vehicles (0,000-200,000). The reason why low-priced cars gradually stand out is that on the one hand, it costs less to buy and maintain cars; On the other hand, large-scale production and technological progress have greatly reduced the cost of production, and consumers can buy ideal new energy vehicles with less money-saving money and high quality, and more people choose, and the market share naturally increases. In addition, in recent years, the types of new energy vehicles have increased significantly. The number of models listed in the first half of 2018 alone reached nearly 4/5 of that in 2017.

Is it difficult to charge in Shanghai?

As a new technology, many people have concerns about its convenience. The most important thing is charging.

According to the information displayed on the charging map of www.evchargeonline.com, the only official platform designated by the Shanghai Municipal Government, we have captured 3,931 charging site data. It can be found that public charging piles are mainly distributed in the central city, while private charging piles account for the vast majority in the suburbs.

At present, the total number of charging piles in Shanghai is 31,235, but the number and density of charging stations in different administrative regions are quite different. Jinshan and Qingpu districts are the least friendly to new energy vehicles. In these areas where the distribution density of charging piles is low, the embarrassing situation that there is no charging station around the half-way car without electricity may occur. The distribution density of charging stations in some central cities such as Hongkou, Huangpu and Changning is in the forefront. Take Huangpu District as an example. Even in the city center, there are 4 charging stations per square kilometer, which is very convenient. Although the number of charging stations in Jiading, Minhang and Pudong New Area ranks in the top three, due to their large areas, the charging stations are scattered and diluted, and the charging convenience is still not as good as that in the upper corner.

Shanghai New Energy License Application Guide

If you have decided to choose a new energy vehicle, how can you enjoy the benefits of "free Shanghai brand"?

According to the Interim Measures for the Pilot Implementation of Encouraging Private Purchase and Use of New Energy Vehicles in Shanghai in 2012, consumers can get the Shanghai brand free of charge after purchasing a new energy vehicle of a specified model, with the identity certificate of Shanghai resident ID card or residence certificate and the car purchase invoice. In 2015, the application conditions were increased year by year, and having a fixed charging pile became a necessary condition. In 2016, the credit information link was added for the first time, and the requirements for applicants were stricter:

Non-Shanghai residents who hold a valid residence permit in this city and have paid social security in this city for one year in the past 24 months.

Shanghai residents with good credit status

Active servicemen and armed police

Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan residents, overseas Chinese and foreigners who hold valid identity documents and have lived in this city for more than one year.

In 2018, on this basis, the condition that there is no record of road traffic safety violations within one year was added.

The license policy may be gradually tightened. For cities with serious license restrictions, everyone can take a pit first!

The general trend of subsidy policy: cutting low and supplementing high

In recent years, the state has made several major adjustments to the subsidy policy for new energy vehicles. In 2016, the entry threshold for subsidies for pure electric vehicles was raised for the first time, and those with cruising range below 100km were no longer subsidized; In 2018, on this basis, the entry threshold for mileage will be raised to 150km, and the subsidy zone will be further divided. According to the country’s long-term plan for the new energy automobile industry, subsidies will be abolished in 2020, and new car owners will no longer be attracted by license and subsidy policies.

In addition to the change of cruising range division, from the trend of subsidy amount, since 2016, the subsidy amount of each mileage interval has been reduced, and the reduction rate has been maintained at least 20%, while the two new mileage division intervals of 300-400km and over 400km have gone against the current, which shows that with the normalization of new energy vehicles in recent years, "cutting low and supplementing high" is the general trend of subsidy policy, and new energy vehicles with long cruising range will also be in the next few years.

At the same time, the new policy puts forward a series of technical indicators for the endurance of new energy vehicles, and vehicles with higher battery energy density and lower energy consumption will receive more subsidies. This is good news for consumers. The cruising range and energy consumption of new energy vehicles will be improved, and the practicality will be greatly enhanced.

Generally speaking, the technology of new energy vehicles has been gradually improved, which makes them more competitive in the automobile market regardless of price or performance. In recent years, new energy vehicles have gradually entered people’s lives and become an indispensable part of the urban transportation system. With the popularization of new energy vehicles, the relevant policies are becoming stricter and more standardized, and the stereotype that new energy vehicles are "difficult to charge" is gradually disappearing because of the maturity of supporting facilities system.

In terms of energy saving and emission reduction, new energy vehicles have played a prominent role, or will become the main tool for future travel. For consumers, whether it is to seize the policy opportunity now or wait for the technology update with a wait-and-see attitude, you may wish to list new energy vehicles as the best candidate on your wish list!

Undergraduate students from School of Journalism, Fudan University:

Wu Haoru Li Yiyang Li Shengjun Zeng Shichen

Course columns of Data Analysis and Information Visualization (undergraduate) and Data News and Visualization (master) in School of Journalism, Fudan University
Instructors: Zhou Baohua, Xu Di and Cui Di.

Many people have been infected in Xi ‘an! Be alert, it’s high recently!

  High incidence in summer!

  Be wary of children suffering from herpetic angina!

  After entering the summer, children’s herpetic angina has entered a trend of concentrated high incidence. Xi ‘an Children’s Hospital receives more than 500 children with herpetic angina and hand, foot and mouth every day.

Many people have been infected in Xi 'an! Be alert, it's high recently!

  Zhang Huifang, deputy chief physician of the fever clinic of Xi ‘an Children’s Hospital, said that the main harm of herpetic angina is easy to cause febrile convulsions and viral encephalitis. Children may be prone to dehydration, shock and other clinical symptoms due to sore throat and reduced food intake.

  Zhang Huifang, deputy chief physician of the fever clinic of Xi ‘an Children’s Hospital, reminds parents that to prevent herpetic angina, they should keep their children’s hands and mouth clean, avoid going to crowded places, and seek medical advice in time if they have high fever.

  Xiaobian query found that

  near future

  Some kindergartens in Xi’ an have also been released.

  How to prevent hand, foot and mouth,

  Health tips for herpetic angina

Many people have been infected in Xi 'an! Be alert, it's high recently!

Many people have been infected in Xi 'an! Be alert, it's high recently!

Many people have been infected in Xi 'an! Be alert, it's high recently!

  before

  We have sent relevant reports.

  A 4-year-old boy in Hangzhou suddenly had a high fever of 40℃

  Febrile drugs don’t work either.

  Not long ago, 4-year-old Nannan suddenly had a high fever, and her body temperature went straight to 40 degrees. The heat peak reached 3 or 4 times a day. Even if she took antipyretics, she could not drop to normal temperature.

  After going to the hospital, the attending doctor made a careful physical examination and found that Nannan had a lot of herpes in his mouth, which hurt when he touched it, and there were red rashes in other parts of his body. According to the typical rash manifestations and the location of the rash, the doctor judged that Nan Nan was infected with hand, foot and mouth disease.

  Brother and sister suddenly convulsed

  Confirmed hand, foot and mouth disease

  At 1 am on June 15th, a 1-year-old boy, Yue Yue (pseudonym), was taken into the pediatric emergency room of Changsha Central Hospital (Changsha Central Hospital affiliated to Nanhua University) by his mother Li Ru (pseudonym) and was diagnosed with hand, foot and mouth disease. At 3 pm on the same day, my 3-year-old sister MengMeng (a pseudonym) was also admitted to the hospital due to convulsions, and was also diagnosed with hand, foot and mouth disease.

Many people have been infected in Xi 'an! Be alert, it's high recently!

  Herpes angina & how to prevent hand, foot and mouth

  What are the performances?

  Hand, foot and mouth disease: fever, maculopapules and herpes of hands and feet, herpes or ulcer of oral mucosa (herpes is more common in the front of oral cavity, such as tongue and lips and teeth), pain and difficulty in eating.

  1-2 months after the onset, some children will have finger/toenail shedding.

  Herpetic angina: fever, sore throat, mucosal herpes in pharyngeal isthmus and superficial ulcer.

  Relationship between hand, foot and mouth disease and herpetic angina?

  They are all caused by a variety of enterovirus infections, and many enteroviruses can cause both diseases at the same time, such as the red virus in the picture below.

Many people have been infected in Xi 'an! Be alert, it's high recently!

  After being infected with the same virus, if herpes is only in the throat, it is herpetic angina, and if it appears in the hands, feet, mouth and anus, it is hand, foot and mouth disease.

  The study found that the blood routine of hand, foot and mouth disease or herpetic angina indicated that white blood cells increased, the proportion of neutrophils increased, and sometimes CRP(C-reactive protein) increased, which was not necessarily accompanied by bacterial infection, so parents should not blindly use antibiotics.
.

  How did it spread?

  Droplets in digestive tract or respiratory tract spread and contact with herpes fluid of patients’ skin and mucosa, which is highly contagious and fast.

  How to prevent it?

  Vaccinate hand, foot and mouth vaccine (although it can only prevent EV71, most severe hand, foot and mouth diseases are caused by EV71), wash hands frequently and pay attention to hygiene.

  Ventilation frequently, avoid going to public places where crowds gather and air circulation is poor during the epidemic period, and see a doctor in time when symptoms appear.

  People with hand, foot and mouth disease should avoid contact with other children.

  Synthesis: Shaanxi Radio and Television Media Group, Shaanxi News, People’s Daily Popular Science, Northwest Women and Children’s Hospital.

  Reporter: Hui Xin

[Editor in charge:

]

Joint prevention and control mechanism in the State Council: further strengthening the quality management of nucleic acid sampling in Covid-19

According to the website of National Health Commission on the 13th, the comprehensive group of joint prevention and control mechanism for novel coronavirus epidemic in the State Council recently issued the Notice on Further Strengthening the Quality Management of nucleic acid sampling in Covid-19. In order to further strengthen the quality management of nucleic acid sampling in Covid-19, improve the standardization and accuracy of nucleic acid sampling, and provide safe and high-quality nucleic acid sampling services for the people, the relevant requirements are hereby notified as follows:

First, fully understand the importance of nucleic acid sampling

Nucleic acid sampling is an important part of nucleic acid detection in Covid-19. The standardized operation, personnel training and organization management of sampling are directly related to the accuracy and reliability of the test results and the personal feelings of the people. Improper management of nucleic acid sampling may not only lead to inaccurate test results, but also cross-infection among people, which will adversely affect epidemic prevention and control. All localities should attach great importance to the management of nucleic acid sampling, take problem-oriented measures, pay close attention to implementation, standardize the management of sampling links, and continuously improve the quality of nucleic acid sampling.

Second, ensure that the sampling personnel are qualified.

All localities should strictly manage the qualification of nucleic acid sampling personnel, and on the basis of existing medical personnel, personnel with health-related professional and technical qualifications in private hospitals, retail pharmacies, school clinics and enterprises and institutions should be included in the sampling personnel team, and they can engage in nucleic acid sampling only after they have been organized and standardized by the health administrative department and passed the examination. The deployment and use of sampling personnel should try not to crowd out normal medical resources to ensure the people’s demand for medical treatment.

Three, standardize the training of nucleic acid sampling

The local health administrative departments should standardize the organization, training and assessment of nucleic acid sampling in accordance with the Handbook of Nucleic Acid Detection in Medical Institutions in novel coronavirus (Trial Second Edition) and the Training Program for Nucleic Acid Sampling in Covid-19 (see Annex). By making training videos and organizing practical training, sampling personnel can master commonly used collection methods such as oropharyngeal swab and nasopharyngeal swab, correctly put on and use personal protective equipment, and implement various infection control measures. Video training is not allowed to replace practical training.

Fourth, strengthen the quality control of nucleic acid sampling

All localities should earnestly strengthen the quality control of nucleic acid sampling, and ensure the scientific operation and behavior of sampling personnel in accordance with the principle of "no training and no post, and no post if the training is unqualified". At the same time, the nucleic acid detection institutions should further improve the indoor quality control, and monitor whether the cells are collected by the sampling swab by analyzing the internal reference data of the detection reagents, so as to reflect and improve the sampling quality. The administrative department of health should organize to carry out spot checks on nucleic acid sampling, find problems in time, and put forward suggestions for improvement.

Five, do a good job in the organization and management of nucleic acid sampling

All localities should further strengthen the organization and management of nucleic acid sampling points, guide each sampling point to be equipped with enough sampling personnel, auxiliary personnel or volunteers, reasonably arrange the sampling personnel to shift and rest, provide corresponding logistics services, implement the relevant requirements of caring for medical personnel, and provide high-quality and efficient nucleic acid sampling services for the masses.

Covid-19 nucleic acid sampling training program  

In order to guide all localities to do a good job in training nucleic acid sampling personnel, standardize the sampling process, ensure the sampling quality and prevent possible cross-infection, this scheme is formulated.

I. Training organization

Local health administrative departments or their entrusted professional institutions are responsible for formulating training courseware and training course arrangement, and organizing nucleic acid sampling assessment. Those who pass the examination shall obtain the sampling training certificate issued by the health administrative department or its entrusted professional organization.

Second, the training content

The training contents mainly include the collection methods of oropharyngeal swabs and nasopharyngeal swabs, personal protection and infection control. The training time is at least one day, including theoretical training and practical training.

(a) oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal swab sampling.

1. Collection method of oropharyngeal swab. The subjects adopt a posture with their heads slightly tilted and their mouths wide open, exposing their pharyngeal tonsils on both sides. The key point of oropharyngeal swab sampling is to pass the swab over the base of tongue, wipe it back and forth at least 3 times with a little force on both sides of pharyngeal tonsils, and then wipe it up and down the posterior pharyngeal wall at least 3 times. After sampling, put the swab head into the collection tube containing virus preservation solution, with the swab breaking point at the nozzle, break it slightly to make the swab head fall into the liquid in the collection tube, discard the broken swab rod, tighten the tube cover, and put the collection tube on a stable shelf. After each case is collected, the sampling personnel shall carry out hand disinfection.

2. Nasopharyngeal swab collection method. The sampler holds a swab and sticks it to the nostril to enter, and slowly goes back and forth along the bottom of the lower nasal passage. Because the nasal passage is arc-shaped, do not use too much force to avoid traumatic bleeding. When the tip of the swab reaches the back wall of nasopharyngeal cavity, gently rotate it for one week (in case of reflex cough, it should be stop for a minute), then slowly take out the swab and immerse the swab head in a tube containing 2 ~ 3 ml virus preservation solution.

In case of multi-person mixed mining, we should also pay attention to the standard operation of mixed swab. Taking 10-in-1 mixed sampling as an example, the remaining 9 swabs were collected in turn according to the above collection method, and the collected swabs were placed in the same collection tube, with gentle movements to avoid aerosol generation. After continuously collecting 10 swabs, tighten the tube cover to prevent spillage. If there are less than 10 swabs in the collection tube, special marks should be made and recorded.

(2) Personal protection of sampling personnel. Personal protection includes putting on and off personal protective equipment (including: medical protective mask, latex gloves, protective screen or goggles, isolation gown or protective clothing and working cap) correctly, and standardizing hand hygiene.

Personal protective equipment should be worn in the following order: medical protective mask and working cap, isolation gown or protective clothing, protective screen or goggles, and gloves. After wearing a mask, the tightness test of the mask should be carried out to ensure good tightness. If the mask is polluted or wet during use, gloves and protective clothing should be replaced in time if they are polluted or damaged.

Before taking off personal protective equipment, it is necessary to carry out hand hygiene, then take off protective screen or goggles in turn, take off isolation gown or protective clothing, gloves, hat and medical protective mask. In the process of taking off, the contaminated surface should not touch the internal clothes. Hand hygiene should be done before and after each step, and hands should not touch the contaminated surface.

(3) Infection control.

1. The sampling point is partitioned. The sampling point should be an open and well-ventilated site, which is divided into waiting area, collection area, buffer area, temporary isolation area and temporary storage area of medical waste, so as to effectively disperse the density of people to be inspected. (1) Waiting area. Set pedestrian passage, at the same time set a safe distance to ensure the protection and safety of waiting personnel. According to the weather conditions, it is equipped with facilities such as heat preservation, cooling, sun protection and rain protection. (2) Acquisition area. According to climatic conditions, tents, cold/warm fans and appropriate tables and chairs are provided. Equipped with disinfection supplies, swabs and virus collection tubes for collection, and paper towels, vomit bags and masks should be prepared for the collected personnel. If the specimen cannot be transported to the laboratory in time, a 4℃ refrigerator or low-temperature storage box should be prepared for temporary storage. (3) Buffer area. The space should be relatively closed for sampling personnel to change personal protective equipment, place protective equipment, disinfection supplies for collection, swabs, collection tubes and outdoor disinfection equipment that match the scale of sampling points. (4) Temporary isolation zone. Used to temporarily isolate suspected patients or high-risk groups found in the collection process. (5) Temporary storage area for medical wastes. Used for temporary storage of medical waste, and do a good job of collection, packaging, harmless treatment, handover and so on.

2. Do a good job of cleaning and disinfection. When collecting specimens, hand hygiene should be strictly implemented, and one hand should be disinfected, that is, after the specimen collection of the previous person is completed, hand disinfection must be carried out before the next collection operation can be carried out. Attention should be paid to the prevention and control of infection in the sampling process, and other parts should not touch the mined personnel except the swab to prevent cross-infection. After the sampling site work, medical instruments, articles and surfaces should be cleaned and disinfected. Clean the environmental surface thoroughly with clean water and detergent, and use effective disinfectants to disinfect the surface of environmental objects, especially the high-frequency contact parts. Standardize the treatment of patients’ respiratory secretions, excreta and vomit.

3. Avoid crowds. Clear guiding signs should be set up at sampling points to ensure one-way flow of personnel, and the sampling process and matters needing attention should be defined. Do a good job in the fine organization and management of the sampling site. While maintaining the work order by staff and volunteers, we encourage physical means to strictly implement the requirements of safe distance interval.

Third, the assessment

The assessment contents include sampling operation, personal protection and theoretical knowledge of sensing control. The main assessment of practical operation, when necessary, can arrange a simple theoretical examination. It mainly covers the following contents:

1. Whether you can wear a mask correctly and how well you know the potential risks.

2. Whether you can correctly grasp the procedures of putting on and taking off isolation gown or protective clothing, and understand the potential risks.

3. Whether the oropharyngeal and nasal swab collection operation can be standardized, and the degree of understanding that irregular operation may affect the test results.

4. Whether hand hygiene can be carried out correctly, and the degree of understanding of infection control methods such as environmental ventilation, cleaning and disinfection, and standardized disposal of medical wastes.

Helping people practice embroidery and prospering the city with micro-renewal

There is an animal that has four legs when it was a child, two legs when it grows up and three legs when it grows old. Many people have guessed this riddle, and the answer is people.

Babbling is protected by parents and supported by children when stumbling. This is the inheritance of a complete Chinese family. Children don’t have to worry about speeding cars when they play downstairs, and the old people feel meticulous care when they move indoors. This is the temperature transmitted to residents by a friendly city.

Shanghai, a prosperous international metropolis, has not only the colorful side of high-rise buildings, but also the winding alleys and noisy streets. In addition to pursuing an open, inclusive and dynamic urban temperament, it has become the pursuit of Shanghai’s new round of urban development planning to see Excellence in detail and replace demolition and construction with transformation, and to outline the space that is livable, suitable for raising and suitable for business with embroidery needles in the context of urban history. In order to protect the style of historical blocks, more and more old communities in Shanghai have begun to be slightly updated from the bottom up, and the government, enterprises and residents have participated in the co-construction and carried out temperature transformation.

In 2018, Shanghai Vanke, together with Xinhua Street and famous designers in Changning District, held the theme forum of "2018 Urban Design Festival | Beautiful Xinhua", focusing on the micro-renovation of public and residential spaces. As the chief co-builder, Shanghai Vanke mainly participated in the urban micro-renewal project of Xinhua Road Street at three points, covering many aspects such as the transformation of public spaces in streets, communities and corridors. Nowadays, the old community has taken on a new look, and the micro-renewal has brought a great sense of gain to the local residents.

Guarding the "sunset" 70-year-old house "transformation"

Grasping the newly-installed handrail on the wall with both hands, 90-year-old Guan Apo climbed the stairs step by step, slowly but steadily. For her, she has lived here for most of her life, and the bricks and tiles of the surrounding buildings and apartments are so familiar, so fresh and warm, such as this aging-adapted staircase.

Guan Apo’s apartment is located in a 70-year-old public house called Jinglaocun. As the name suggests, there are 19 elderly people living in the house, three of whom need to travel in wheelchairs. Jinglaocun used to be a three-storey dormitory building of state-owned enterprises. Like many similar buildings in Shanghai, there were many "problems" before the renovation, such as insufficient lighting, messy corridors, dense pipelines and lack of barrier-free facilities.

Respect for the elderly village before transformation

In November 2018, Jinglaocun began to transform. Shanghai Vanke and designers collected opinions and suggestions from residents in the building extensively, and finally decided to start from two parts: functional perfection and spatial integration, and create a more humanized, functional and modern living space that meets the needs of the elderly on the basis of preserving the historical features of the old building as much as possible.

When the old building got a new look, Guan Apo lost sleep: "I feel almost unrecognizable, and I stayed up happily that night."

Residents all believe that "the changes in the old building are earth-shaking." However, for designers, the overall structure of Jinglao Village has not been adjusted, and only three treatments have been made: increasing the light source at the top to enhance the aisle lighting; Walls and columns are wrapped with materials to make the corridor cleaner and more unified; Increase storage and functional space, and enhance the practicality of public space.

Considering that the residents are all elderly people, a large number of arc design elements are adopted in this renovation to avoid the coldness of hard lines visually and narrow the distance between buildings and people; Corners, stairs, lockers and other areas use rounded corners to minimize the possibility of bumping; The house number is specially enlarged and equipped with lighting facilities to solve the problem of unclear identification of the elderly and facilitate identification.

In the corridor, groups of lines with different colors on the ground are particularly eye-catching, extending all the way along the corridor. Shanghai Vanke said that these lines enhance the modernity of the building and also have a guiding function. It turns out that considering that some old people have bad waist and legs, and even some old people have a serious hunchback, the designer specially printed a "guide line". As long as he remembers the line corresponding to his own door, he can go home along the line without any difficulty.

There are still many such intimate designs in respect for the elderly. For example, there is a hidden compartment on one side of the stairs. With a gentle push, a stool will come out and you can sit on it and rest your feet. Beside the aisle, there is also a climbing grid tailored for pets.

People often say that the older people get, the smaller their hearts get. Old people need colorful and energetic lives. After the transformation, the village for the elderly uses a lot of bright colors, the first floor is vibrant yellow, the second floor is quiet blue, and the third floor is peaceful and green. People are in it, and there is no sense of boredom at all.

The reformed respect for the elderly village

What makes many residents around envy is that the elderly who respect the old village have their own sunshine garden. "Sit down and have a chat in the sun", in the corner of the roof of Jinglaocun, these words are particularly conspicuous on the ground. Bright yellow sofas and white umbrellas are arranged here as a leisure area for old people to chat about their homes and see the scenery. The original roof of Jinglao Village had a large idle area, so the designer re-planned it and set up a rest area, an activity area, a planting area and a drying area, so that the old people really had their own social space.

"China has entered an aging society, and the number of elderly people is increasing by 10 million every year. We hope to make their lives better and safer through warm design. " Zhang Haiao, an architect who participated in the design and renovation of Jinglao Village, said.

Take care of "Chaoyang" and make "parting ways" for hundreds of miles.

Wu Xin, a young designer who lives in Lane 222, Panyu Road, has a deep understanding of this sentence. Every day, she will walk here with a stroller-the ground is uneven, and the veranda, flower beds and vehicles will separate the 100-meter-long lane.

After the reconstruction of Lane 222 of Panyu Road

When thinking about the renovation plan, as a designer, Wu Xin considers enhancing the mobility of the pedestrian road; As a mother, she wants to create a safe and harmonious activity space for the next generation. After extensively soliciting opinions through activities such as "residents’ brainstorming", Wu Xin finally put forward the concept of "walking laboratory" from the perspective of a child, and drew lessons from the idea of sharing corridors in cities such as new york. Based on the two principles of "walking first" and "child-friendly", he designed to cancel kerbs and height differences, providing a complete shared corridor for pedestrians, non-motor vehicles and low-speed motor vehicles.

In the process of implementation, Shanghai Vanke divided the pavement into three sections with different colors, signs and enclosures: the middle garage area was painted with wave curves, which were taken from the history of the local "Niuqiaobang", and the fresh powder painting could play a warning role for passing vehicles; The original messy flower stands were demolished in the pedestrian areas on both sides, and a child-friendly walking experimental belt was made by using the free space, with four different colors to give pedestrians different walking experiences, and a simple children’s play area was designed with the help of various graphics. Through a series of transformations, the originally chaotic alley has been transformed into a shared passage giving priority to pedestrian and slow walking, especially providing children with a safe, free and comfortable walking experience.

A staff member of Xinhua Road Sub-district Office said that this transformation not only changed the street appearance, but also brought new ideas to urban design and management. "Urban renewal is immersive and integrated, and residents can participate together."

In addition to hardware, urban renewal projects also need post-operation and maintenance. In order to let more residents participate, the reconstruction team held many activities in this lane, such as a beautiful community festival and a community drama workshop, so that people can more integrate into community management.

Strolling along the Rainbow Road, you can see children jumping out of houses, old women with gray hair pacing, and young people with skateboards taking a nap on benches … This is the most charming and authentic alley style.

According to Shanghai Vanke, Panyu Road 222 will be widened into a two-way traffic lane in the future. The reason why they are willing to spend their mind and money is that they hope to explore the possibility of "sharing streets" through this "walking laboratory" and find the perfect combination of history, culture and modern life.

Expansion of Linked Emotional Micro-space

Sharing is not only for maximizing the use of resources, but also for emotional exchange and sharing. Some time ago, the TV series "Everything’s Fine" was a hit in China. Su Daqiang, the protagonist in the drama, was cheated out of his pension money because of his high income. He was almost cheated out of his real estate by a nanny because of emotional emptiness, and he did ridiculous things because of selfishness, weakness and stubbornness. In essence, this is an important reason why a person’s temperament has changed greatly due to his lack of family care and effective social interaction.

The study found that the more frequently the elderly socialize, the higher the happiness index. Experts from the Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care of University College London investigated the social situation and health status of 6,500 British men and women over 52 years old. The results show that compared with those who have a normal social life, the risk of death of socially isolated people is 26% higher.

In this round of urban micro-renewal, the third project of Shanghai Vanke has locked in the social problems of the elderly.

Xinfeng Village, located in Lane 669 of Xinhua Road, is a community with a relatively high proportion of elderly people, with half of the people over 60 years old. Old people love to be lively and chat, and neighbors often talk for an afternoon. However, Xinfeng Village has no special space for chatting. The public telephone kiosks and canteens with a net width of less than 1.1 meters at the entrance of the gate are the assembly points, and the space is narrow and the air is difficult to circulate.

Before the transformation of "good neighbor" micro-space

"It is necessary to provide residents with a space that can stay safely, be open and friendly, and reshape neighborhood relations." With this original intention, the designer and Shanghai Vanke transformed this small space into a micro-space in the name of "good neighborhood". In order to expand the space swing area, the gate of the community has been moved by one meter as a whole to ensure that residents outside the glass door do not scrape with vehicles. The "Neighbourhood" micro-space is also equipped with wooden benches and bookshelves, and sitting in it to chat at home and talk about mountains has become an important part of residents’ daily life.

Soon after the opening of the "good neighbor" micro-space, people’s behavior deeply touched the reformers. "The original bookshelves were empty, and now there are more and more books, which are spontaneously brought and shared by residents; There used to be an old doll on the table, but now it has become a lively’ old exchange corner’; The message board on the wall also wrote many wishes of the residents … These actions have brought everyone closer. " A staff member of Shanghai Vanke said.

The reformed "Good Neighborhood" Micro-space

"Neighborhood" micro-space has become an inseparable social place in the community, and other supporting facilities have also changed. The sorting garbage bins in the community are handled by foreign designers. Apart from telling people how to distinguish the types of garbage through colors, he also set up an independent tool room, with a washbasin, a locker, clothes hangers and high-pressure water pipes for cleaning arranged in an orderly manner, so that cleaning workers can also feel the deep warmth.

Bottom-up community micro-renewal stimulates urban power

"Although it is only some micro-updates, we hope to bring real changes to the lives of residents." Shanghai Vanke designer Zheng Wei said.

This change has been going on, and Vanke is also actively exploring in the field of urban renewal. In Shanghai, Zhangjiang Guochuang Center changed from an old LCD factory to a science and technology center; Shangsheng New Institute has changed from the former Shanghai Institute of Biological Products into a "7×24" vibrant community … Through a series of transformation, the idle stock assets have been given new functions.

Shanghai Vanke has also participated in the renovation of several old residential quarters such as Sanjia Garden and Yangqu Residential Quarter. It is worth mentioning that the micro-renovation projects of the three residential quarters that it participated in in in 2018 are all located around Shangsheng Xinsuo. In the future, this vibrant community will integrate office, entertainment, life and cultural functions, and radiate the surrounding areas, forming a series connection between urban organic renewal and the improvement of residents’ quality of life. Zhang Hai, senior vice president of Vanke Group and CEO of Shanghai Regional Headquarters, expressed the hope that through a series of transformations, young people will have room for struggle, residents will share the fruits of urban renewal, and the historical context will be passed down and the characteristics of the district will be brought into play.

The reporter learned that in the new round of urban development in Shanghai, a large number of urban renewal projects have emerged with the aim of exploring the urban context, preserving historical features and revitalizing existing assets. On this basis, the urban micro-renewal project with the community as the main transformation object is becoming an important component of this force. Taking Changning District as an example, in 2017, the "Two-year Action Plan for Beautiful Blocks" was launched, focusing on building four demonstration blocks, namely Xinhua Road, Yuyuan Road, Wuyi Road and Panyu Road (fahuazhen road). It was clearly stated in 26 construction tasks in eight categories that "urban renewal should be taken as the starting point to comprehensively improve the landscape effect of block buildings". Yuan Xiangqing, director of the regional function development office of Hongqiao and Zhongshan Park in Changning District, said: "Small-scale and gradual urban micro-renewal provides a new development path in the future. By increasing the functional space of blocks and communities, we will create a slow and comfortable functional experience, increase public greening, and improve the living environment, thus changing the lifestyle and improving the quality of living. " He said that more and more urban renewal people began to pay attention to streets and communities. As can be seen from the existing community micro-renewal projects, social capital participation is very high. This urban renewal model, which is guided by the government and participated by the public, has created a lot of vivid and interesting urban stories.

Hou Zhiren, a professor of landscape architecture at the University of Washington, said that in the past half century, there have been many bottom-up non-profit organizations in urban renewal in the United States. They not only restore old buildings, but also provide employment opportunities for community residents and opportunities for commercial development, and play a very important role in urban development. "(Urban renewal) can start with community creation and explore resources that have not been seen before. Some of these resources are physical, and some are human and cultural, which can turn decay into magic. "

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Ensure the Fair and Reasonable Charging —— The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Transport responds to the adjustment of freight car toll charging method and vehicle classification

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 7th Title: Ensuring Fair and Reasonable Charges —— The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Transport responded to the adjustment of freight car toll charging method and vehicle classification.

Xinhua News Agency reporter Wei Yukun

According to the "Implementation Plan for Deepening the Reform of Toll Road System and Cancelling Provincial Toll Stations of Expressway" issued by the General Office of the State Council, from January 1, 2020, trucks will be uniformly charged vehicle tolls by vehicle (axle) type.

Why should we adjust the charging method? What changes have been made to the new vehicle classification standard? How to ensure that the charges are fair and reasonable? Wu Dejin, director of the Highway Bureau of the Ministry of Transport, responded to this on the 7th.

Charging by car (axle) is intended to improve the transportation efficiency of trucks.

It is one of the tasks to cancel the provincial toll station of expressway to adjust the toll charging method and vehicle classification standard.

Wu Dejin said that at present, China’s expressways generally implement truck toll by weight, mainly to avoid the "big tons and small standards" of vehicles, and to curb overloading by economic means. However, due to the need to stop and weigh by weight, the traffic efficiency of toll stations and the promotion of truck ETC have been affected to some extent.

"With the continuous and in-depth promotion of overload control in China, serious illegal overloading of expressways has been effectively curbed. Under this circumstance, adjusting the charging method of trucks from weight-based charging to car (axle) charging is conducive to the installation and use of ETC for trucks, achieving fast traffic without stopping, and promoting the speed and efficiency of the logistics industry. " Wu Dejin said.

Is it fair to charge according to vehicle (axle) type for vehicles with different loading conditions? Wu Dejin said that it is a common practice in the world to charge trucks according to their axle type. On the premise of legal loading, trucks of the same axle, no matter how much they carry, occupy the same highway resources. It is scientific, fair and reasonable to collect tolls according to unified standards, which is conducive to promoting the intensive operation of highway freight industry and improving the actual load rate and transportation efficiency of highway transportation.

How to strengthen the overload management and ensure the safety of people and highway infrastructure after the freight car is changed to the car (axle) type?

Wu Dejin said that from January 1, 2020, all closed highway toll stations across the country will fully implement the weighing inspection of freight vehicles without stopping at the entrance, and completely prohibit illegal, overloaded and overloaded vehicles from entering the expressway to protect people’s lives and property and the safety of highway infrastructure.

Constructing a fair and reasonable charging system

At the beginning of June, the Ministry of Transport issued the revised transportation industry standard "Classification of Toll Vehicles on Toll Roads", which clarified that the classification limit value of Class 1 and Class 2 passenger cars was revised from the approved number of 7 passengers to 9 passengers and the vehicle length was less than 6 meters, and the category of special work vehicles was added. At the same time, it was clarified that trucks were classified according to the total axle number, vehicle length and total mass.

"After the implementation of the Classification of Toll Vehicles on Toll Roads, the toll charging standards for all buses do not need to be adjusted." Wu Dejin said that the revision of the standard is intended to further unify, standardize and improve the classification of toll road vehicles nationwide, promote the construction of a fair and reasonable toll road rate system, and improve traffic efficiency and toll road service level.

According to reports, for 8-seat and 9-seat minibuses with a length of less than 6 meters, vehicle tolls continue to be collected according to the existing vehicle classification standards; From January 1, 2020, the vehicle tolls will be collected uniformly according to Class 1 passenger cars, which is lower than the original charging standard.

"Existing ETC users who have changed their vehicle classification will carry out targeted services, replace ETC in-vehicle devices or adjust vehicle classification through directional notification and appointment installation." Wu Dejin said.

Wu Dejin said that at present, the toll collection systems and toll lanes are being upgraded in various places, and the toll collection standards for trucks are re-calculated according to the prescribed procedures, which will be uniformly implemented nationwide from January 1, 2020.

Ensure that the overall burden of truck tolls is not increased.

Wu Dejin said that to adjust the toll charging method and vehicle classification standards, it is necessary to ensure that the overall burden of truck tolls will not be increased under the same traffic flow conditions, and that the toll payable for each type of toll vehicle in the standard loading state is not greater than the toll payable for the original toll collection.

According to the notice jointly issued by the Ministry of Transport and other three departments recently on doing a good job in the adjustment of freight car toll charging methods, it is clear that for freight cars with more than six axles, on the basis of the charging coefficient of freight cars with six axles, a reasonable charging coefficient should be formulated by increasing a certain charging coefficient for each axle, so as to ensure that large transport vehicles with standard loads will not increase the toll due to the adjustment of charging methods.

Wu Dejin said that in order to ensure that the overall burden of freight car tolls will not be increased, it is necessary to strengthen the supervision over the adjustment of toll standards. In the process of adjusting the toll rate of trucks this year, the provincial transportation authorities shall, together with the price and financial departments, complete the preliminary examination of the charging standard and submit it to the Ministry of Transport in a timely manner. The Ministry of Transport will strengthen analysis and research with the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance, and strengthen guidance on relevant work in various places.

How to ensure the traffic efficiency of road network after the change of charging method? Wu Dejin said that provinces with obvious characteristics and big differences such as truck traffic flow direction will be encouraged to explore differentiated charges such as road sections, time periods, driving directions and specific entrances and exits, so as to further improve the traffic efficiency of expressway network.

"At present, we are comprehensively cleaning up and standardizing the local vehicle toll reduction and exemption policies, continuously promoting policy improvement, ensuring fair and reasonable fees, and completing the task of canceling the provincial toll stations of expressways as scheduled." Wu Dejin said.

Development and Reform Commission: In the first quarter, prices ran smoothly, and the upstream and downstream price trends became coordinated.

  Beijing, April 13 (Xinhua) According to the price department of the National Development and Reform Commission, since the beginning of this year, the relationship between supply and demand in the market has continued to improve, the overall price operation has been stable, and the upstream and downstream price trends have tended to be coordinated, reflecting the stable economic operation and new achievements in structural adjustment. The main performance is as follows:

  First, the price increase in the consumer sector rebounded slightly, and the price of services rose slightly.

  CPI rose slightly, continuing a moderate upward trend. In the first quarter, CPI rose by 2.1% year-on-year, 0.7 percentage points higher than the same period of last year, continuing the trend of moderate increase since last year. Among them, each month increased by 1.5%, 2.9% and 2.1% year-on-year, respectively, and the monthly increase fluctuated mainly due to weather, hikes, festivals and other factors, all within a reasonable range.

  Service prices rose slightly faster, reflecting the accelerated pace of household consumption upgrading. In 2017, the service price rose by 3%, which exceeded food for the first time and became the main factor affecting the CPI increase. In the first quarter, service prices continued to rise, rising by 2.9% year-on-year, among which the prices of tourism, air tickets, medical care and family services rose by 4.1%, 5.7%, 6.0% and 5.4% respectively, reflecting the accelerated growth of residents’ demand for leisure tourism, medical care and other needs related to a better life.

  Second, the price increase in the production sector has declined, and the upstream and downstream price trends tend to be coordinated.

  In the first quarter, PPI rose by 3.7% year-on-year, 2.1 percentage points lower than that in the fourth quarter of last year, and the upward trend tended to be stable, in line with market expectations. With the decline of PPI increase, the "scissors difference" between upstream and downstream prices has narrowed sharply to 1.6 percentage points, and the trend tends to be coordinated, and the transmission pressure from upstream prices to downstream prices has obviously eased.

  While the increase of PPI gradually fell back to a reasonable range, industrial production was stable and benefits continued to improve. In the first two months, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size actually increased by 7.2% year-on-year, and the profits increased by 16.1% year-on-year; At the end of February, the asset-liability ratio of industrial enterprises above designated size decreased by 0.8 percentage points year-on-year. This reflects that new industry development expectations, market order and the relationship between supply and demand are taking shape, and remarkable results have been achieved in reducing production capacity, adjusting structure and improving supply quality.

  Third, the key commodity market is well supplied and the price runs in a reasonable range.

  In the first two months, in the field of living materials, the output of household refrigerators and washing machines was 11.829 million and 11.006 million respectively; In the field of means of production, the output of raw coal, crude steel and cement is 516 million tons, 137 million tons and 220 million tons respectively. Compared with the same period of last year, it has increased to varying degrees.

  The comprehensive average price of four kinds of steel products (rebar, wire rod, medium plate and cold rolled sheet), the price of Qinhuangdao 5,500 kcal thermal coal and the price of composite portland cement (grade 32.5) in the main market are about 4,200 yuan, 585 yuan and 380 yuan respectively, which is lower than that at the beginning of the year. The prices of grain and edible vegetable oil remained generally stable, the prices of vegetables were seasonally adjusted back, and the prices of live pigs fell periodically.

  Fourth, the market is expected to be generally stable and the price order is stable and standardized.

  From the market expectation, it is generally believed that the current prices are generally stable, and it is expected that the stable trend will continue during the year, and CPI and PPI will operate in a moderate range throughout the year. In response to the year-on-year increase in CPI in February due to holidays, Zhejiang, Tianjin and other places started the linkage mechanism of price subsidies in time, and issued temporary price subsidies, which stabilized the basic life of people in need.

  Judging from the price reports, in the first quarter, producers’ production was stable, operators’ operations were orderly, consumers’ consumption was rational, and the market price order was generally standardized. The number of price reports and complaints decreased by about 18% year-on-year.

  Recently, the domestic and international environment is complex and changeable, and there are some uncertain factors in the price operation, but generally speaking, the price will remain stable. From the macro-environment, China’s economy has shifted from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage, macro-control policies have maintained continuity and stability, and the total supply and demand relationship is relatively stable; From the perspective of market supply, China’s grain production has been bumper year after year, the planting area of oil crops has increased steadily, the production capacity of pigs is at a high level, and the inventory level of grain and oil in the whole society is high; The production capacity of industrial consumer goods is sufficient and the market competition is sufficient; The service industry is developing rapidly, and the supply capacity is constantly improving, which has a solid foundation for maintaining the stable operation of prices.

Breathing through your mouth will make you "stupid and ugly"! Measure how you breathe.

  Editor’s note:"Good health is the capital of revolution", but in busy life, people are often busy with work and eager to socialize, but they ignore the geomantic treasure of good health. In fact, with a little attention and early prevention, health is around us. People’s Health Network launched the column "Know early and know early" to collect and sort out the health knowledge that you usually ignore, be your health think tank, and carry out health with you to the end!

  Breathing through your mouth will make you "stupid"

  Breathing with your mouth open doesn’t mean that you can breathe in more oxygen. On the contrary, it will affect your breathing because of the wrong way of breathing, which will oppress your nose and leave your brain in a state of hypoxia. If the oxygen intake is not enough, the quality of sleep will be poor, people will easily doze off during the day, lose concentration, and even their intelligence will be slightly affected.

  Especially for children under the age of 14 who are in the period of growth and development, their physical development and the development of the nervous system and brain will be affected. If they miss the critical development opportunity, their memory will be reduced, their thinking will be inattentive, their reaction will be slow, and they may gradually become "stupid".

  As long as children are found to be breathing through their mouths when they are sleeping, watching TV and staring blankly, parents must pay attention. One more thing, children sleep very noisily at night, tossing and turning, and even snoring, which is also a danger signal. Parents must take their children to see a doctor in time to find out what causes them to breathe through their mouths.

  Do you breathe through your mouth when you sleep?

  How to judge how you breathe? The Japanese Physical Maintenance Association wrote an article introducing the common manifestations of patients with oral respiration. Everyone can test themselves, which is more consistent, and some adjustments should be made during sleep.

  When unconscious, the mouth is half open; Dry lips; When I wake up in the morning, my throat hurts burning; Unable to consciously move the nostrils; Relax and look in the mirror, and the corners of your mouth are always downward; Make a slurping sound when eating; Snoring; The thickness difference between upper and lower lips is large; The lower lip "covers the sky"; Irregular or protruding teeth; Used to chewing with unilateral teeth.

  Compared with nasal breathing, oral breathers have seven adverse consequences: the virus directly enters the mouth without passing through the nasal cavity, and they prefer to catch a cold; Easy to dry in the mouth, less saliva and heavy bad breath; There is little saliva containing bactericidal ingredients, and I like to grow worm teeth; Pressing the throat during sleep, easy to snore, poor sleep quality; Hinder the growth and development of teenagers’ chins, and make the teeth arranged unevenly; Affect facial muscles and bones, making the face crooked; The sense of smell is the oldest sensory nerve, which is directly connected with the brain. Without air passing through the nasal cavity, the olfactory function of the brain will be dulled.

  Patients can try to adjust their sleeping posture instead of lying on their backs; Don’t be too tired when exercising, choose the intensity that can make you gasp without opening your mouth; When sleeping, you can put special tape on your mouth.

  Mouth breathing may "destroy the face value"

  Mouth breathing has a great influence on a person’s face, which can’t be ignored, especially during the growth and development of teenagers’ faces.

  First of all, there are two main reasons for mouth breathing: one is that the upper respiratory tract is blocked, and sinusitis, nasal polyps, turbinate hypertrophy, adenoid hypertrophy, tonsil hypertrophy, etc. cause respiratory tract blockage, so that you can’t breathe through your nose, but you can only breathe through your mouth; In another case, there is no disease, which is simply caused by bad habits.

  If infected in childhood, the adenoids become swollen and inflamed, which may cause permanent hypertrophy of the adenoids. Adenoid hypertrophy will hinder nose breathing and affect the excretion of sinus, which is easy to suffer from sinusitis. Tonsils and adenoids are enlarged in childhood, reaching the peak at the age of 6 to 8, but with the increase of age, their volume will gradually shrink and generally degenerate at the age of 12.

  If teenagers have some diseases of nasal cavity or adenoid tonsil, it will lead to poor nasal ventilation and then oral breathing. Mouth breathing has changed people’s original way of breathing, which makes the nasal cavity unable to ventilate normally and causes abnormal development. If the nasal cavity can’t breathe normally, people can only open their mouths to breathe, which will change the normal position of oral tissues. Changes in the position of lips and tongue will cause changes in teeth and maxilla. When breathing with the mouth open, the strength of buccal muscles on the dental arch will easily lead to the narrowing of the dental arch and abnormal tongue position, and the strength of buccal muscles on the maxillary dental arch will be strengthened, and the maxillary dental arch will gradually become narrow, and the upper teeth will lean forward, eventually forming buck teeth.

  Raise your lungs and do more breathing exercises in autumn and winter.

  Autumn and winter are the periods of high incidence of respiratory diseases, including colds, acute bronchitis, acute attack of chronic bronchitis and pneumonia. Breathing exercises can improve the symptoms of chest tightness, shortness of breath, dyspnea and wheezing in patients with respiratory diseases, realize the adjustment and entry of breath in the body, improve the function of human viscera, and thus improve the immunity of the body. Clinical research shows that breathing exercises can obviously restore lung function.

  There are seven sections of breathing exercises, and the specific methods are as follows:

  Lip contraction breathing

  Objective: To prevent the small airway from trapping and narrowing during exhalation, so as to facilitate the discharge of air in alveoli.

  Methods: Inhale with the nose, close your lips lightly when exhale, and exhale slowly, with your mouth whistling.

  abdominal respiration

  Objective: To enhance diaphragm strength, reduce airway resistance, increase tidal volume, and improve hypoxia and carbon dioxide retention.

  Methods: Put your right hand on your belly button and your left hand on your chest. When inhaling, expand the abdomen outward to the maximum extent and keep the chest still. When exhaling, contract the abdomen inward as much as possible and keep the chest still.

  Hold one’s breath

  Objective: To prolong the exchange time of oxygen and carbon dioxide in lung and make more oxygen enter the blood.

  Methods: Inhale, hold your breath for 3 seconds, turn your head to the right and exhale. Inhale, hold your breath for 3 seconds, turn your head to the left and exhale.

  Stretch breathing

  Objective: To increase lung function and relieve shoulder and neck pain.

  Methods: straighten your arms, raise your head forward and upward gradually, and inhale deeply at the same time; Then put your arms together, lean forward and exhale deeply. (Note: Try to breathe by abdomen. )

  Press and knead to welcome incense.

  Objective: To relieve rhinitis, toothache and cold.

  Methods: Flex the thumb with both hands and massage Yingxiang point with the first knuckle (Yingxiang point is opened next to the midpoint of the outer edge of the nose, which is in the nasolabial groove).

  Push the wind pool

  Objective: To relieve headache, neck ache and stiff neck.

  Methods: With the palm of your hand spread out, push the ipsilateral posterior occipital Fengchi point with the side of the little finger joint or thenar respectively (Fengchi point is parallel to the earlobe on both sides of the major tendon behind the head and forehead), commonly known as pushing the major tendon to achieve a sense of pain.

  Chest percussion

  Objective: With the help of the vibration and gravity produced by tapping, the secretions stranded in the airway can be discharged.

  Methods: The fingers of both hands were bent together to make the palm of the hand cup-shaped, and the chest wall was rapped rhythmically with wrist strength.

  Relieve anxiety and try abdominal breathing.

  When we are nervous and anxious, not only the brain will be nervous and anxious, but also the breathing will become rapid, especially the heart beating will be accelerated. If we can take certain measures to make our breathing smooth first, then our heart will calm down and our emotional tension and anxiety will disappear.

  Abdominal breathing relaxation training can achieve this goal.

  Abdominal breathing relaxation training is to focus on the abdomen and breathe with it, so that the chest and lungs can be filled with more oxygen. There are six steps in the training process:

  The first step is to find a quiet place. When practicing, you can sit, stand or lie down with your eyes open or closed. Try to make yourself feel calm and comfortable.

  The second step is to focus your thoughts on your abdomen (from the third centimeter below the navel to the abdomen) and focus on your breathing. Then, put a hand on the abdomen, slowly take a long breath through the nasal cavity, and slowly count from 1 to 5 in your heart.

  Step three, when you take a long breath slowly, try your best to expand your abdomen and imagine a balloon being filled with air. To a certain extent, you will feel that your lung tips will be filled with air.

  Step 4: Hold your breath slowly, and then say 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in your mind.

  The fifth step is to exhale slowly through the nasal cavity, while meditating 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in your mind. When exhaling, you should slowly contract your abdomen. Imagine a balloon deflating. You can slowly bend down to exhale to 90 degrees, and make sure that the air in your lungs is completely exhaled. You feel that your front abdomen and back are about to touch.

  The feeling that the air is completely spit out is like suffocating, so you have to inhale quickly.

  Step six, repeat the above process for seven times.

  Anxious people can initially choose a fixed period of 2 ~ 3 times a day to practice, and after mastering the skills and reaching a relaxed state, they can do this kind of training anytime and anywhere. (People’s Health Network is integrated from Life Times, Health Times, Health News, Nanfang Daily)

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